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  • 學位論文

紫外光與光觸媒濾材對生物氣膠殺菌效率之研究

Germicidal Effects of Titanium Dioxide Photocatalytic Filters and Ultraviolet on Bioaerosols

指導教授 : 李慧梅

摘要


本研究探討HVAC系統中光觸媒濾材控制生物氣膠之效能與可行性評估。本研究設計一測試箱模擬室內HVAC系統,並利用氣膠產生器將液相中之微生物霧化產生生物氣膠,與稀釋空氣一同注入HVAC模擬系統。實驗之微生物物種包含大腸桿菌(E. coli)、枯草桿菌(B. subtilis)、酵母菌(Yeast)與青黴菌(Pen. citrinum),實驗變因包含UV光波長(365 nm、254 nm)、相對濕度(30%、60%)與濾材種類(Degussa P25、 D-type)等。實驗條件在固定通風換氣率與不同操作條件下,探討下四種生物氣膠之衰減情形,以瞭解紫外光與光觸媒濾材對生物氣膠之殺菌效能。實驗結果顯示,四種不同生物氣膠(E. coli, Yeast, B. subtilis, P. citrinum)於總換氣率1 h-1,乾淨空氣換氣率0.18 h-1之自然衰減常數(kn)分別為2.14、1.31、1.00與1.22 h-1。Degussa P25光觸媒濾材在未照光及照射UV光(365 nm)之生物氣膠衰減常數分別為2.45、1.49、1.38、1.37 h-1(未照光)及2.88、1.60、1.51、1.52 h-1(照射UV光)。結果顯示,當HVAC系統增加光觸媒濾材與照射UV光之後,生物氣膠之衰減常數明顯增加。比較有無光照之結果顯示,其衰減常數差異不大,表示光催化反應對生物氣膠之去除效果並不顯著,主要去除機制來自於濾材本身之機械過濾作用所致。綜合不同實驗變因之影響,相對濕度對生物氣膠衰減常數之影響並不明顯。比較照射光觸媒濾材之紫外光波長之結果顯示,短波長之紫外光對生物氣膠之衰減有明顯增進效果。兩種不同光觸媒濾材之去除效果,其結果差異性不大。單就不同紫外光波長對生物氣膠殺菌效力之探討,365 nm之UV光幾乎沒有任何殺菌效果,而使用254 nm之UV光,對生物氣膠之衰減量則有明顯增加。研究結果顯示,利用254 nm紫外光之光觸媒濾材去除非產孢細菌性生物氣膠之去除效能最為顯著。

並列摘要


The study evaluates germicidal effects of titanium dioxide photocatalytic filter and ultraviolet on bioaerosols. The experiment used a testing chamber to simulate an indoor HVAC system and four bioaerosols. The influences of microorganism species, UV length (365 nm, 254 nm), relative humidity (30%, 60%), and filters (uncoating and Degussa P25 TiO2 -coated filter, D-type TiO2 filter) on the germicidal effects with ACH are 1 h-1 and fresh ACH are 0.18 h-1. A Collison nebulizer generated Escherichia coli (E. coli), Bacillus. subtilis (B. subtilis), endospores, yeast cells of Candida famata (C. famata) var. flareri, and spores of Penicillum citrinum (P. citrinum). The viable bioaerosol concentration collected by Anderson one-stage sampler passed through TiO2-coated filters with and without ultraviolet irradiation. The filtration mechanism, PCO process and germicidal effects was determined as the parameters, decay constant (kn, ka-d, and ka-l), CADR(Qi), and removal efficiencies(η). Besides the parameters, we also investigated the proportion of filtration, ultraviolet irradiation, and PCO process. The experiment results demonstrated that PCO process wasn’t significant in HVAC system. In a word, with the 254 nm ultraviolet and photocatalytic filter, the removal efficiency would be increasing obviously. Raising the relative humidity in the control mechanism didn’t effects apparently. In a comparison of TiO2 filters, the difference of the results were also unobvious. It showed that the removal efficiency of E. coli are the best with the 254 nm ultraviolet and photocatalytic filter in HVAC system.

並列關鍵字

bioaerosol photocatalytic filter ultraviolet HVAC PCO process

參考文獻


王嘉慶,TiO2光觸媒對大腸桿菌殺菌作用之探討,台大化學工程學研究所碩士論文,2004年。
Alan M. Jones, Roy M. Harrison, (2004) The effects of meteorological factors on atmospheric bioaerosol concentrations—a review. Science of the Total Environment, 326, 151–180.
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