Background: Brass developed a procedure for converting proportions dead of children ever born reported by women in childbearing ages into estimates of the probability of dying before attaining certain exact childhood ages. The method has become very popular in less developed countries where direct mortality estimation is not possible due to incomplete death registration. However, the estimates of q(x), the probability of dying before age x, obtained by Trussell's variant of Brass method are sometimes unrealistic, q(x) being not monotonically increasing for increasing x.Method: State level child mortality estimates obtained by Trussell's variant of Brass method from 1991 and 2001 Indian census data were made monotonically increasing by logit smoothing. Using two of the smoothed child mortality estimates, infant mortality estimate is obtained by fitting a two parameter Weibull survival function.Results: It has been found that in many states and union territories infant mortality rates have increased between 1991 and 2001. Cross checking with the 1991 and 2001 census data on the increase/decrease of percentage of children died establishes the reliability of the estimates.Conclusion: We have reason to suspect the trend of declining infant mortality as shown by the different agencies and researchers.