Background: Healthcare organizations have increasingly adopted barcode technology to improve care quality and work efficiency. Barcode technology is simple to use, so it is frequently used in patient identification, medication administration, and specimen collection processes. Purpose: This study used a technology acceptance model and innovation diffusion theory to explore the innovation acceptance of barcode technology by nurses. Methods: The data were collected using a structured questionnaire with open-ended questions that was based on the technology acceptance model and innovation diffusion theory. The questionnaire was distributed to and collected from 200 nurses from March to May 2014. Data on laboratory reporting times and specimen rejection rates were collected as well. Results: Variables that were found to have a significant relationship (p ＜ .001) with innovation acceptance included (in order of importance): perceived usefulness (r = .722), perceived ease of use (r = .720), observability (r = .579), compatibility (r = .364), and trialability (r = .344). N-level nurses demonstrated higher acceptance than their N1 and N2 level peers (F = 3.95, p ＜ .05). Further, the mean laboratory reporting time decreased 109 minutes (t = 10.03, p ＜ .05) and the mean specimen rejection rate decreased from 2.18% to 0.28%. Conclusions / Implications for Practice: The results revealed that barcode technology has been accepted by nurses and that this technology effectively decreases both laboratory reporting times and specimen rejection rates. However, network speed and workflow should be further improved in order to benefit clinical practice.