This work applies Experimental Modal Analysis and Operational Modal Analysis, respectively, to experimentally discuss the vibration characteristics of a vertical auxiliary vibration table used in vibration testing machine. The Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is also adopted to perform model verification by comparing the experimental results. First, the FE model of the vibration table is constructed, and the vibration table is mounted on the testing machine in static, to perform the conventional EMA by applying the impact hammer as the actuator and the accelerometer as the sensor. The structural modal parameters can then be determined. The OMA is also performed when the vibration testing machine is in operational condition subjected to the white noise excitation. The base excitation input acceleration and the table surface acceleration response can be, respectively, measured to calculate the frequency response functions that are used to extract the modal parameters. Both EMA and OMA can, respectively, obtain the structural modal parameters, including natural frequencies, mode shapes and damping ratios, of the vibration table. The modal characteristics from the two approaches are compared and revealed a certain degree of similarity. The OMA approach can more realistically determine the vibration table in situ, while the EMA can provide a quick experimental method. Both experimental results can be used to compare the analytical ones and validate the theoretical model of the vibration table. This work shows the feasibility of OMA method that can be adopted for other structural modal testing as well.