Measurement of mandibular incisive canal diameter using cone beam computed tomography

Cone beam computed tomography was used for measuring the diameter of a Mandibular incisive canal. The dental practice can now visualize small bone structures with low dose and high spatial resolution due to the introduction of CBCT (Cone Beam Computed Tomography). Therefore, it is of interest to measure the diameter of the MIC (Mandibular Incisive Canal) using the CBCT. Fifty CBCT scans obtained for implant placement preoperative planning were included in the study material. Observers carefully examined the CBCT data to determine the MIC's presence & position. The inner diameter of the MIC was measured by taking the longest distance between the inner cortical borders of the canal which was further analyzed using software CS3D software. The collected data were further subjected to statistical analysis. The average mean of the population was 1.7130±.5178. The average diameter of MIC in males was 1.735±.5406 and in females was 1.6800±.4934. Complications from implant surgery in the anterior mandible may be prevented by utilizing CBCT scans to analyze the smallest diameter of the MIC.


Abstract:
Cone beam computed tomography was used for measuring the diameter of a Mandibular incisive canal.The dental practice can now visualize small bone structures with low dose and high spatial resolution due to the introduction of CBCT (Cone Beam Computed Tomography).Therefore, it is of interest to measure the diameter of the MIC (Mandibular Incisive Canal) using the CBCT.Fifty CBCT scans obtained for implant placement preoperative planning were included in the study material.Observers carefully examined the CBCT data to determine the MIC's presence & position.The inner diameter of the MIC was measured by taking the longest distance between the inner cortical borders of the canal which was further analyzed using software CS3D software.The collected data were further subjected to statistical analysis.The average mean of the population was 1.7130±.5178.The average diameter of MIC in males was 1.735±.5406and in females was 1.6800±.4934.Complications from implant surgery in the anterior mandible may be prevented by utilizing CBCT scans to analyze the smallest diameter of the MIC.

Materials and Methods:
50 CBCT images were retrospectively collected from the CBCT centre in Kanpur.All these images were made with "a CS9300 3Dunit, with field of view of 8cm×8cm, voxel size -800µm, X-ray pulse time of 30ms, kVp -85 kV (max), mA -7 Ma, exposure time of" 10.8s.Informed consent was given by each patient before the examination.Subjects involving mandible scans were included in the study.Syndromic patients & congenital deformity cases, History of trauma, pathology, and surgery involving mandible and Distorted or blurred CBCT images were not considered.The data were reconstructed in panoramic view and MICs were identified and measured with CS 3 D SOFTWARE for visualization of diameter.Axial, panoramic, as well as reformatted cross-sectional images were thoroughly investigated.
Data and statistical analysis: 0.05 Or below P-values were considered statistically significant.All data were collected and statistically examined using SPSS 16.0.A t-test was performed to evaluate major differences between genders.

Table 1 )
. The mean diameter of 20 to 40 years was 1.6196±0.61, in 40-60 years was 1.7808±.423andage60yearsandabovewas 2.1 (Table1).The average mean diameter of the population was 1.7130±.5178(Table1).The diameter ranged from 0 to 3mm.The comparison among the age groups "was not statistically significant (p>0.05)(Table1).The average diameter of the mandibular incisive canal in males was 1.735±.5406and in females was 1.6800±.4934.The comparison of males and females was not statistically significant (p >0.05) (

Table 2 ).
Variousfactors, including differences in study design, technical issues like pixel size and device variability, as well as individual peculiarity, can account for discrepancies in CBCT results.The variations in diameter and distance to the cortical bone highlight the importance of using CBCT for preoperative evaluation of the MIC in all cases.Mandibular incisive canal is an almost permanent finding on CBCT scans.Mean diameter is non-significantly increasing as age increases in this study.No significant difference was found in diameter of mandibular incisive canal between male and female in this study.Multicentre studies with larger sample size required to establish difference between various age groups and both gender.Preoperative evaluation of mandibular incisive canal can be helpful in accurate treatment planning and prevention of complications.