ISSN: 2222-6990
Open access
The competition between businesses allusively opens up opportunities for entrepreneurs to continually find ways to enhance their product strategy in marketing and quality through innovation. However, for some students, venturing in entrepreneurship can help them receive extra income. Students nowadays are very keen to get involved in entrepreneurship while still studying. Simultaneously, some of them have been exposed to entrepreneurship since childhood. As the number of female students exceeds male students in higher education institutions, the purpose of this study is to determine the readiness of female students in entrepreneurship and time management effectiveness between learning and business. A cross-sectional survey was employed in this study, and data were collected from 386 female students in Malaysian Higher Education Institutions (response rate = 96.5%). Using Regression Analysis, ANOVA and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), the study found that family support, business education, and entrepreneurship skills influence female students' readiness to become entrepreneurs. Besides, only 10.8 per cent of students have effectiveness in time management. To produce a successful female student as an entrepreneur, the government needs to provide motivation and psychological training to manage their time effectively. The balance between business and learning for these students is crucial and needs to emphasize by many parties. This is essential if Malaysia wants to produce highly educated female entrepreneurs.
Aaijaz, N., & Ibrahim, M. D. (2013). Are Women Students more Inclined Towards Entrepreneurship? An Entrepreneurial University Experience. Journal on Business Review. 2 (3), 90-103.
Adebisi, J. F. (2013). Time Management Practices and Its Effect on Business Performance. Canadian Social Science. Vol. 9 (1), 165-168.
Aeon, B., & Aguinis, H. (2017). It’s About Time: New Perspectives and Insight on Time Management. Academy of Management Perspectives. Vol. 31 (4), 309-330.
Ahmad, N. L., Yusof, A. N. M., Shobri, N. D. M., & Wahab, S. (2012). The Relationship between Time Management and Job Performance in Event Management. Procedia- Social and Behavioral Sciences 65, 937-941.
Amentie, C., & Negash, E. (2014). The Study on Female Undergraduates’ Attitudes toward and Perceptions of Entrepreneurship Development (Comparison Public and Private Universities in Ethiopia). International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications. 4 (12), 1-17.
Au, K., Chian, F. F. T., Birtch, T. A., & Kwan, H. K. (2016). Entrepreneurial Financing in New Business Ventures: A Help-Seeking Behavior Perspective. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal. Vol. 12 (1), 199-213.
Ayub, M. S., Nasip, S., Fabeil, N. F., Buncha, M. R., Alias, H. N., & Rahim, I. H. A. (2017). Entrepreneurial Intention among Students: A Study in Bulungan Tarakan, Indonesia. Proceedings of International Conference on Economic, 345-356.
Bahari, I. F. S. (2019). Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Mahasiswa di UMT dalam Menceburi Bidang Keusahawanan. Universiti Malaysia Terengganu; Terengganu.
Barba-Sanchez, V., & Atienza-Sahuquillo, C. (2018). Entrepreneurial Intention among Engineering Students: The Role of Entrepreneurship Education. European Research on Management and Business Economics. Vol. 24, 53-61.
Beranek, L. (2014). The Attitude of the College Students to Entrepreneurial Skill Development in the Subject E-commerce. Informatics in Education. Vol. 14 (1), 1-12.
Brancu, L., Munteanu, V., & Gligor, D. (2012). Study on Student’s Motivations for Entrepreneurship in Romania. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 62. 223-231.
Boldureanu, G., Ionescu, A. M., Bercu, A., Bedrule-Grigoruta, M. V., & Boldureanu, D. (2020). Entrepreneurship Education through Successful Entrepreneurial Models in Higher Education Institutions. Sustainability. Vol. 12. 1-33.
Claessens, Brigitte, J. C., Eerde, W. V., Rutte, C. G., & Roe, R. A. (2007). A Review of the Time Management Literature. Emerald Personel Review. Vol. 36 (2), 255-276.
Edelman, L. F., Manolova, T., Shirokova, G., & Tsukanova, T. (2016). The Impact of Family Support on young Entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing. Vol. 31, 428- 448.
Faoite, D. F., Henry, C., Johnson, K., & Sijde, P. V. D. (2003). Education and Training for Entrepreneurs: A Consideration of Initiatives in Ireland and Netherlands. Education and Training. 45(8/9). 430-439.
Ghani, A. A. M., & Sarif, S. (2005). Penerapan Budaya Keusahawanan dalam Masyarakat Islam. Seminar Keusahawanan Islam Peringkat Kebangsan 2005.
Hassi, A. (2016). Effectiveness of Early Entrepreneurship Education at the Primary School Level: Evidence from a Field Research in Morocco. Citizenship Social & Economics Education. Vol. 15 (2), 83-103
Ibrahim, N., & Dawood, S. R. S. (2020). Keunikan. Budaya Berniaga Wanita Kelantan di Bandar Kota Bharu. Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities. 17 (1), 93-107.
Idris, S. H. M. (2009). Kecenderungan Keusahawanan di Kalangan Pelajar Bidang Kejuruteraan di Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Awam di Kawasan Utara Semenanjung Malaysia. Sintok, Kedah; Universiti Utara Malaysia.
Kuratko, D. F., & Hodgetts, R. M. (2004). Entrepreneurship: Theory, Process, Practise Mason. Ohio; Thomson South Western.
Kurniawan, B., & Gunawan, N. M. (2019). Utilization of Technology in Online Business College. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 662.
Leung, Y. K., Franken, I. H. A., & Thurik, A. R. (2020). Psychiatric Symptoms and Entrepreneurial Intention: The Role of the Behavioral Activation System. Journal of Business Venturing Insights. Vol. 13, 1-10.
Li, L., & Wu, X. (2017). Number of Siblings, Credit Constraints and Entrepreneurship. The Journal of Development Studies. 54 (7).
Lichtenstein, G. A., & Lyons, T. S. (2001). The Entrepreneurial Development System: Transforming Business Talent and Community Economies. Economic Development Quarterly. Vol. 15, 3-20.
Lind, P. (2005). Competitiveness through Increased Added Value: A Challenge for Developing Countries. Journal Comparative International Management. Vol 8 (1).
Lindquist, M. J., Sol, J., Van Praag, M., & Vladasel, T. (2016). Family Background and Entrepreneurship. The DRUID 20th Anniversary Conference 2016, Denmark.
Lo, C., Sun, H., & Law. K. (2012). Comparing the Entrepreneurial Intention between Female and Male Engineering Students. Journal of Women’s Entrepreneurship and Education. 1 (2), 28-51.
Lussier, R. N. (2008). Human Relation in Organization: Application and Skill Building. New York; McGraw Hill.
Lyons, T. S., Lyons, J. S. & Jolley, G. J. (2019). The Readiness Inventory for Successful Entrepreneurship (RISE): A Tool for University Engagement in Entrepreneurial Learning. The Journal of Economic Development in Higher Education. Vol. 2, 1-7.
Mahashim, B. (1985). Pengurusan Perniagaan: Panduan Asas. Petaling Jaya; Fajar Bakti. Marniati. (2016). Entrepreneurship Motivation of Vocational High School Student. Proceedings of the International Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Education Conferences (IMEEEC 2016), AIP Conference Proceeding 1778.
Marshall, A. (2009). Principles of Economics: Unabridged Eighth Edition. Cosimo; Inc. Mazzarol. (2011). Entrepreneurship and Innovation. Edisi ke-2. Australia: Tilde University Press.
McMillan, J., & Woodruff, C. (2002). The Central Role of Entrepreneurs in Transition Economies. Journal of Economic Perspectives. 16 (3), 153-170.
Mustafa, M. B. (2019). Factors Stimulating Students to Venture into the Field of Entrepreneurship towards Producing Entrepreneurs among University Students. International of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 9 (3), 875-883.
Mustapha, Z., Atan, N. A., & Ridzwan, E. M. (2017). Lonjakan Nilai-Nilai Keusahawanan Pelajar Politeknik menerusi Program i-SMART. Advanced Journal of Technical and Vocational Education. 1 (1), 291-300.
Nagarathanam, R., & Buang, N. A. (2015). Potensi dan Peningkatan Kejayaan Usahawan Wanita di Malaysia. Kolokium Penyelidikan Pendidikan Kebangsaan, organized by Politeknik METrO Johor Bahru, 3.
Norain, D. (2015). Factors Influence Women Entrepreneur Business Success. Sintok, Kedah; Universiti Utara Malaysia.
Norasmah, O., & Faridah, K. (2010). Entrepreneurship Behaviour amongst Malaysia University Students. Pertanika Journal Social Science & Humanities. 18 (1). 23-32.
Omolara, E. A. (2018). Entrepreneurial Skills and Growth of Small and Medium Enterprise (SMEs): A Comparative Analysis of Nigerian Entrepreneurs and Minority Entrepreneurs in the UK. MPRA Paper, No. 86751.
Pauceanu, A. M., Alpenidze, O., Edu, T., & Zaharia, R. M. (2019). What Determinants Influence Students to Start their Own Business? Empirical Evidence from United Arab Emirates Universities. Sustainability, 11 (92), 1-23.
Peng, Q., & Yan, M. (2010). The Research on Entrepreneurship of College-Students in China. UMEA University; China.
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J., & Podskaoff, N. P. (2003). Common Method Biases in Behavioral Research: A Critical Review of the Literature and Recommended Remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88 (5), 879-903.
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., & Podskaoff, N. P. (2012). Sources of Method Bias in Social Science Research and Recommendations on How to Control It. Annual Review of Psychology. 63, 539-569
Rengamani, J., & Ramachandran, S. (2015). A Study on the Entrepreneurial Skills among Students in Chennai. International Journal of Advanced Research in Management. Vol. 6 (3), 36-44
Schwarzl, S., & Grabowska, M. (2015). Online Marketing Strategies: The Future is Here. Journal of International Studies. 8 (2), 187-196.
Sharif, S. (2019). Statistics for NonStatisticians: Basic Guide to SPSS. Khazanah Darulaman:
Malaysia
Shen, T., Osorio, A. E., & Settles, A. (2017). Does Family Support Matter? The Influence of
Support Factors on Entrepreneurial Attitudes and Intentions of College Students.
Academy of Entrepreneurship Journal. Vol 23 (1), 24-43.
Solek-Borowska, C., & Chudy-Laskowska, K. (2017). Through the Gender Looking Glass: Female Students Attitude Towards Entrepreneurship. Modern Management Review. 22 (24), 91-208.
Sorensen, J. B. (2007). Closure and Exposure: Mechanisms in the Intergenerational Transmission of Self-employment. Research in the Sociology of Organizations. 25, 83 124.
Steven, S. (2009). 13 principles of Effective Time Management for Freelancer. http://www.designm.ag/freelance/principles.tim.
Sunday, O. C., Olakunle, O. P., & Itodo, C. I. (2019). Entrepreneurship and Effective Time Management: A Route to Successful Venture. Islamic University Multidisciplinary Journal. Vol. 6 (2), 133-138.
Tawil, N. M., Hassan, R., Ramlee, S., & K-Batcha, Z. (2015). Enhancing Entrepreneurship Skill among University’s Students by Online Business Simulation. Journal of Engineering Science and Technology. Special Issue, 71-80.
Tong, X. F., Tong, D. Y. K., & Loy, L. C. (2011). Factor Influencing Entrepreneurial Intentions among University Students. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Studies. Vol. 3 (1), 487-496.
You, Y., Zhu, F., & Ding, X. (2017). College Student Entrepreneurship in China: Results from a National Survey of Directors of Career Services in Chinese Higher Education Institutions. Current Issues in Comparative Education, 19 (2), 64-83.
Yulita, Muhamad, S., Rashid, N. K. A., Hussain, N. E., Akhir, N. H. M., & Ahmat, N. (2020). Resilience as a Moderator of Government and Family Support in Explaining Entrepreneurial Interest and Readiness among Single Mothers. Journal of Business Venturing Insights. Vol. 13, 1-10.
Zahra, S., & Dess, G. (2001). Entrepreneurship as a Field of Research: Encouraging Dialogue and Debate. Academy of Management Review. 26 (1), 8-11.
Zaimah, R., & Abdulllah, S. (2017). Tahap Keupayaan Usahawan dalam Perusahaan Kecil dan Sederhana di Kuala Terengganu. Malaysia Journal of Society and Space. 13 (4), 117- 125.
Zarbakhsh, M., Pourhassani, S. A., Rahmani. M., Rad, M. M., & Poor, E. K. (2015). The Relationship between Time Management, Self-Eficacy and Entrepreneurship Students. European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences. 4 (1), 211-218.
Zolkefli, M. N., Hussain, N. E., & Chau, D. N. (2019). Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kejayaan Usahawan di Terengganu. International Journal of Muamalat. 3 (1), 14-25.
In-Text Citation: (Mohamad & Hussain, 2021)
To Cite this Article: Mohamad, N., & Hussain, N. E. (2021). Entrepreneurial Readiness among Female Students: Does the Effectiveness of Time Management Matters in Attempting Businesses? International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 11(12), 811–828.
Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s)
Published by HRMARS (www.hrmars.com)
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this license may be seen at: http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode