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2017, vol. 64, br. 2, str. 467-482
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Finasiranje poljoprivrede - osiguranje u funkciji obezbeđenja kreditnog rizika robnog zapisa kao kolaterala
Financing agribusiness: Insurance coverage as protection against credit risk of warehouse receipt collateral
Sažetak
Finansiranje poljoprovredne proizvodnje putem robnih zapisa omogućava poljoprivrednim proizvođačima da dobiju obrtna sredstva na osnovu predatih poljoprivrednih proizvoda licenciranim skladištima kao kolateral. Implementacija sistema licenciranih skladišta i izdavanje robnih zapisa kao sredstvo koleterala za dobijanja bankarskih kredita podržano je od strane Evropske banke za obnovu i razvoj, i dao je pozitivne rezultate u zemljama u okruženju. Uslov za finansiranje projekta bio je osnivanje Kompenzacionog fonda u cilju osiguranja licenciranih skladišta od profesionalne odgovornosti. Ukoliko ne postoji odgovarajuća prateća pravna regulativa moguća je pojava operativnog rizika. Imajući u vidu da u Srbiji, postoji tradicija osiguranja kao i veliki broj osiguravajućih društva postavlja se pitanje ekonomske usaglašenosti i obezbeđenja od ovog rizika. U radu će se dati detaljna analiza poslovanja fonda, zahtevanog kapitala, margine solventnosti, kao i kritički osvrt na Zakon o javnim skladištima, koji definiše prava i obaveze Kompenzacionog fonda u slučaju nastanka štete.
Abstract
Financing agribusiness by warehouse receipts allows the agricultural producers to obtain working capital on the basis of agricultural products stored in licensed warehouses, as collateral. The implementation of the system of licensed warehouses and issuance of warehouse receipts as collateral for obtaining a bank loan is supported by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and it has had positive results in the neighbouring countries. The precondition for financing this project was to establish a Compensation Fund for providing insurance coverage for licensed warehouses against professional liability. However, in the lack of an adequate legal framework, the operational risk is possible to occur. Bearing in mind that Serbia has a tradition in insurance industry and a number of operating insurance companies, the issue is that of the economic benefit and the method of insuring against this risk. The paper will present a detailed analysis of the operation of the Fund, capital requirement, solvency margin and a critical review of the Law on Public Warehouses which regulates the rights and obligations of the Compensation Fund in the case of loss occurrence.
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