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2011, vol. 45, br. 4, str. 9-14
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Kardiovaskularni faktori rizika kod žena različite starosti i trenažnog statusa
Cardiovascular risk factors in women of different age and exercise training status
aUniverzitet u Kragujevcu, Fakultet medicinskih nauka, Srbija bUniverzitet u Beogradu, Medicinski fakultet, Institut za fiziologiju, Srbija cKlinički centar Kragujevac, Srbija
e-adresa: drvladakgbg@yahoo.com
Sažetak
Cilj. Obzirom da su prethodna istraživanja jasno pokazala da prevalenca i incidenca kardiovaskularnih oboljenja raste sa starenjem, cilj našeg rada bio je da utvrdimo potencijal redovnog vežbanja, kao jednog od najvećih modifikujućih bihevioralnih faktora rizika koji značajno utiče na niz fizioloških kardiovaskularnih faktora rizika, u ublažavanju efekata starenja na kardiovaskularni risk-profil žena. Metod. Grupa od 44 žene koje redovno vežbaju i 34 sedentarne žene sličnog godišta, sve u životnom dobi od 21 do 60 godina, podvrgnute su morfofunkcionalnom testiranju i uzimanju uzorka krvi. Merenje telesne kompozicije je urađeno korišćenjem aparata za analizu bioelektrične impedanse 'BC-551 InnerScan Body Composition Monitor'. Učesnici su bili podvrgnuti testu maksimalnog progresivnog vežbanja na traci 'Technogym Excite Jog 500' koristeći protokol po Brusu. Analiziran je lipidni status (ukupni holesterol, lipoproteini visoke gustine, lipoproteini niske gustine, trigliceridi) u plazmi. Rezultati. Rezultati studije su pokazali da redovno vežbanje ima pozitivan uticaj na aerobni kapacitet i telesnu masu žena, ali ne može sprečiti uticaj starenja na većinu morfofunkcionalnih i fizioloških kardiovaskularnih faktora rizika (povećanje nivoa ukupnog holesterola, lipoproteina male gustine, triglicerida, visceralne masti, indeksa telesne mase i smanjenje aerobnog kapaciteta). Vežbale ili ne, nakon 40-te i posebno 50-te godine, žene doživljavaju značajno pogoršanje svog kardiovaskularnog risk-profila. Zaključak. Rezultati ove studije preseka su pokazali da ne postoji statistički značajan pozitivan efekat fizičke aktivnosti na kardiovaskularni rizik profil žena starijeg životnog doba.
Abstract
Objective. Since it has been clearly shown that the prevalence and the incidence of cardiovascular diseases increase with age, the aim of our study was to assess the potential of exercise training, as one of the of the major modifiable behavioral risk factors which greatly affects a number of physiological cardiovascular risk factors, in reducing the effects of aging on cardiovascular risk profiles in women. Method. A group of 44 women who exercised regularly and 34 age-matched women who performed no physical activity, all of whom were aged between 21 and 60 years, were subjected to morphofunctional testing and blood sampling. Measurement of body composition was performed by using an apparatus for bioelectrical impedance analysis BC-551 InnerScan Body Composition Monitor. The participants were subjected to a maximal progressive exercise test on a treadmill Technogym Excite Jog 500 by using Bruce's protocol. Plasma lipid status (total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, triglycerides) was analyzed. Results. The results of our study showed that regular exercise positively influences aerobic capacity and weight of women, but it does not alleviate the influence of aging on majority of morfo-functional and physiological risk factors (the increase of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, triglycerides, body mass index, visceral fat and decrease of aerobic capacity with age). After the age of 40 and especially after the age of 50, women experience significant rise of cardiovascular risk factors no matter if they exercise or not. Conclusion. The results of this cross sectional research showed that there is no significantly positive effect of exercise on cardiovascular risk profile of aging women.
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