A revision of the genus Rhinotorus Förster , 1869 ( Hymenoptera , Ichneumonidae , Ctenopelmatinae ) , with descriptions of three new species and an illustrated identification key

The genus Rhinotorus Förster, 1869 is revised. Thirteen species are recognized including 3 species that are new to science (R. jussilai sp. nov., R. campester sp. nov., R. tarsilatus sp. nov.). Saotis brachycerus (Kasparyan & Kopelke, 2009) comb. nov. is considered to be a member of the genus Saotis. Rhinotorus similis (Brischke, 1892) is tentatively recorded from Austria and Sweden for the first time. A number of new host records are also provided: Cladius pectinicornis (Geoffroy, 1785) for R. leucostomus (Gravenhorst, 1829), Nematus lucidus (Panzer, 1801) for R. nasutus (Gravenhorst, 1829) and N. papillosus (Retzius, 1783) for R. jussilai sp. nov.


Introduction
Rhinotorus Förster, 1869 is a genus in the family Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera), the most species-rich family of Hymenoptera and one of the largest insect families (Townes et al. 1965).It belongs to the tribe Mesoleiini, a large tribe in the subfamily Ctenopelmatinae with 25 genera.The subfamily includes around 760 described Western Palearctic species (Yu et al. 2012;Kasparyan 2012Kasparyan , 2014;;Reshchikov 2013Reshchikov , 2015)).
Rhinotorus is predominantly a Palearctic genus.Prior to this study only 12 species were known, including one species from the Nearctic Region (Yu et al. 2012).Nearly all ctenopelmatines are koinobiont endoparasitoids of sawflies, and most records are from the largest family of sawflies (Tenthredinidae) (Table 1).
overlooked Norwegian species in poorly known insect taxa: Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae" funded by Artsdatabanken (Norwegian Species information Centre, http://www.nhm.uio.no/english/research/ncb/research/major-projects/ichneumonidae/).The most important source of material was the Swedish Malaise Trap Project (SMTP) (http://www.stationlinne.se/en/research/the-swedish-malaise-trapproject-smtp/), a large-scale, national survey of insects based at Station Linné, Öland, Sweden.Seventytwo Malaise traps were placed at 52 different locations chosen for their potential species richness and special fauna, flora, geology and distributed across the country, from Sandhammaren on the south coast of Skåne to Nuoljas treeless mountains of Abisko in the north.Collections of the Zoological Museum, University of Bergen (ZMUB) and University of Tromsø Breivika (TZUM) were examined as well.Type specimens housed in the collections of the NHRS are databased and the data is available at www.naturarv.seand also at www.gbif.org.
Morphological terminology follows Gauld (1997) and Karlsson & Ronquist (2012).Unless indicated as new records (marked by "*"), all distributional and host records in the sections "distribution" and "host records" are extracted from the Taxapad database (Yu et al. 2012).Photographs of the specimens were taken with a Canon EOS 5D digital camera and stacked using Zerene® software.
Diagnosis (updated from Townes 1970) Small to moderate sized species, fore wing length 4.5-9 mm.Ground colour mainly black.Antenna slender to stout, with 28-38 flagellomeres.Scape 1.25-1.6times as long as broad.Face usually convex and densely punctate.Clypeus small, convex, around 0.3-0.4times as long as broad, distinctly separated from face by a deep impression, medially projecting, shining and sparsely punctate, its apical margin rounded, laterally impressed and sharp.Malar space 0.5-0.

Tribal diagnosis
The genus belongs to the tribe Mesoleiini, whose representatives can be distinguished from other ctenopelmatines by combination of the following characters: epicnemial carina reaching fore edge of   Rhinotorus alpinus (Roman, 1909) Fig. 3 Spudaea alpina Roman, 1909: 347, lectotype examined.

Diagnosis
This species is distinguished from other species in the genus by the following characters: face tapering downwards in anterior view (Fig. 3A); mesopleuron coriaceous, matt, and impunctate (Fig. 3B); hind femur and basal tarsomere of hind leg slender (5.5 times as long as broad and 6.7 times as long as broad, respectively); transverse impression of first metasomal tergite not defined (Fig. 3E); face and scutellum black; metasoma red centrally (Fig. 3E).

Description Female
Fore wing 7 mm long.Antenna slender, about as long as fore wing, with 28 flagellomeres.Ratio of length of 1 st plus 2 nd flagellomeres to eye height 1.2.Scape 1.25 times as long as broad.Head weakly narrowed behind eyes, matt, without punctures and shagreened (Fig. 3D).Lateral ocellus separated from eye margin by 1.8 times their widest diameter.Face transverse and tapering downwards in anterior view, 2 times as wide as high, shagreened and without punctures (Fig. 3A).Clypeus 0.35 times as high as wide, distinctly separated from face by a deep groove, projecting medially, shining and impunctate, its apical margin thin and impressed laterally.Clypeal fovea not enlarged.Malar space 0.7 times basal mandible width.Occipital carina complete.Mandible teeth almost equal but lower one is slightly shorter than upper one.
Mesoscutum weakly shining, finely granulate, with dense and irregular punctation.Notaulus distinct.Mesopleuron shining, finely granulate and weakly striated in upper part (Fig. 3B).Metapleuron rugose and weakly shining.Propodeum strongly rugose (Fig. 3C).Area superomedia fused with area basalis, their combined area 2.6 times as long as broad.Costula absent.Area apicalis trapezoidal, 0.6 times as long as broad, and equal to 0.5 of propodeum, often with longitudinal carina and sometimes with striation.Spiracles weakly oval, 1.2 times as long as broad.Hind femur 5.5 times as long as broad.Hind tibia 7.8 times as long as apically broad.First tarsomere of hind leg 6.7 times as long as broad and 2.1 times as long as second tarsomere.Claws not pectinate.Fore wing with pterostigma elongate, around 3.6 times as long as broad and intercepted by Rs before its middle.2m-cu straight, with a single bulla.Cu-a reclival, postfurcal.Hind wing with 1/Cu & cu-a intercepted by 2/Cu in lower 0.5.

Male
Morphologically similar to female.Parameres projecting weakly beyond aedeagus.

Host records
Unknown.

Diagnosis
This species is distinguished from other species in the genus by the following characters: face and clypeus weakly projecting; clypeus 0.4 times as high as wide, distinctly separated from face by a deep impression, strongly projecting medially, shining and sparsely punctate, its apical margin thin and laterally impressed (Fig. 4A); male with lateral lobes of mesoscutum and lower part of mesopleuron yellow (Fig. 4D); male first metasomal tergite flat in profile (Fig. 4E); parameres broad (Fig. 4B-C).

Female
Unknown.

Male
Fore wing length around 9 mm.Antenna slender, around 1.3 times as long as fore wing and with 38 flagellomeres.Ratio of length of 1 st plus 2 nd flagellomeres to eye height 0.85.Scape 1.25 times as long as broad.Head very weakly narrowed behind eyes, matt, without punctures and shagreened.Lateral ocellus separated from eye margin by 1.6 times their widest diameter.Face transverse, 1.9 times as broad as high and densely punctate (Fig. 4A).Clypeus 0.4 times as high as wide, distinctly separated from face by a deep impression, strongly projecting medially, shining and sparsely punctate, its apical margin thin and laterally impressed.Clypeal fovea deep.Malar space 0.7 times basal mandible width.Occipital carina complete.Mandible teeth of equal length.
Mesoscutum weakly shining, finely granulate and with dense punctation.Notaulus distinct.Mesopleuron finely granulate, striated in upper part, shining, distinctly densely and coarsely punctate (Fig. 4D).Metapleuron weakly shining, rugose, with rather dense but vague punctation in upper part.Propodeum strongly rugose.Area superomedia fused with area basalis, their combined area 2.6 times as long as broad.Costula absent.Area apicalis trapezoidal, 0.6 times as long as broad, and equal to 0.5 of propodeum, often with longitudinal carina and sometimes with striation.Spiracles weakly oval, 1.56 times as long as broad.Hind femur 5 times as long as broad.Hind tibia 7.9 times as long as apically broad.First tarsomere of hind leg 6.7 times as long as broad and 2.1 times as long as second tarsomere.Claws not pectinate.Fore wing with pterostigma elongate, around 3 times as long as broad and intercepted by Rs before its middle.2m-cu straight, with a single bulla.Cu-a vertical, slightly postfurcal.Hind wing with 1/Cu & cu-a intercepted by 2/Cu in lower 0.5.
Metasoma coarsely punctate and reticulate rugose.First metasomal tergite as long as apically broad and projecting dorsally, its dorsal longitudinal carinae reaching middle of tergite and with strong impression between carinae in basal part.Area between dorsal carina and spiracle with longitudinal impression.Spiracles projecting laterally.Subapical transverse impression strong, slightly wider laterally than medially.First metasomal sternite 0.3 times as long as its tergite.Second metasomal tergite 0.5 times as long as apically broad, its transverse impression starting immediately after middle of tergite.Third tergite with weak transverse impression.Parameres broad (Fig. 4B-C).

Host records
Unknown.

Type material examined
Ichneumon compactor

Description
Female Fore wing about 6-9 mm long.Antenna slender, around 1.2 times as long as fore wing, with 34-36 flagellomeres.Ratio of length of 1 st plus 2 nd flagellomeres to eye height 1.1.Scape 1.6 times as long as broad.Head not narrowed behind eyes, matt, with dense, strong punctures on a shagreened surface (Fig. 5F).Lateral ocellus separated from eye margin by 1.6 times their widest diameter.Face transverse, 1.9 times as broad as long, with dense punctures (Fig. 5A-B).Clypeus 0.4 times as high as wide, distinctly separated from face by a deep impression, strongly projecting medially, shining and sparsely punctate, its apical margin obtuse medially and impressed laterally.Clypeal fovea deep.Malar space 0.7 times basal mandible width.Occipital carina complete.Mandible teeth of equal length.
Mesoscutum weakly shining, finely granulate, with dense and coarse uniform punctation.Notaulus distinct.Mesopleuron finely granulate, striated in upper part, shining, distinctly densely and strongly punctate (Fig. 5H).Metapleuron weakly shining, rugose, with rather dense but vague punctation in upper part.Propodeum strongly rugose (Fig. 5D).Area superomedia fused with area basalis, their combined area 2.6 times as long as broad.Costula absent.Area apicalis trapezoidal, 0.6 as long as broad, and equal to 0.5 of propodeum, often with longitudinal carina and sometimes with striation.Spiracles weakly oval, 1.56 times as long as broad.Hind femur 5 times as long as broad.Hind tibia 7.9 times as long as apically broad.First tarsomere of hind leg 6.7 times as long as broad and 2.1 times as long as second tarsomere.Claws not pectinate.Fore wing with pterostigma elongate, around 3 times as long as broad and intercepted by Rs before its middle.2m-cu straight, with a single bulla.Cu-a vertical, slightly postfurcal.Hind wing with 1/Cu & cu-a intercepted by 2/Cu in lower 0.5.
Metasoma coarsely punctate and reticulate rugose (Fig. 5E).First metasomal tergite as long as apically broad and projecting dorsally, its dorsal longitudinal carinae reaching middle of tergite and with a strong impression between carinae in basal part.Area between dorsal carina and spiracle with longitudinal impression.Spiracles projecting laterally.Subapical impression strong and slightly wider laterally than medially.First metasomal sternite 0.3 times as long as its tergite.Second metasomal tergite 0.5 times as long as apically broad, its transverse impression starting immediately after middle of tergite.Third tergite with weak transverse impression.Ovipositor sheaths weakly clavate (Fig. 5G) and 0.6 times as long as height of last visible tergite.Ovipositor stout at base with triangular shape before shallow subapical snotch, its lower valvae weakly swollen before thin tip and tip of upper valve after notch 0.28 times as long as ovipositor length (Fig. 5G).

Male
Morphologically similar to female, but with clypeus shorter (0.3 times as high as wide) (Fig. 5B) and upper tooth of mandible slightly longer than lower.Parameres broad basally and weakly elongate apically, extending beyond aedeagus, volsella moderately large with apical notch, aedeagus apically downcurved (Fig. 5C).
Colouration as in female, but middle tergites sometimes with red spots.Face, clypeus, malar space, mandibles (excluding teeth), upper part of scape, flagellum ventrally, fore and middle coxae and trochanters, lower part of propleuron, hind angle of pronotum, tegulae and sternites yellow.

Diagnosis
This species is distinguished from other species in the genus by the following characters: face and mesopleuron matt or weakly shining, shagreened, and at most weakly punctate; face and clypeus weakly projecting centrally; hind tibia basally reddish (Fig. 6D); metasoma black; first metasomal tergite convex in profile; metasomal tergites 1-3 strongly punctate with strong transverse impressions; parameres relatively thin.

Etymology
This species is named after Reijo Jussila.

Description Female
Fore wing around 6-7 mm long.Antenna slender, about as long as fore wing, with 30-32 flagellomeres.Ratio of length of 1 st plus 2 nd flagellomeres to eye height 1.0.Scape 1.6 times as long as broad.Head not narrowed behind eyes, matt, with scarce, fine punctures on shagreened surface.Lateral ocellus separated from eye margin by 1.6 times their widest diameter.Face transverse 2 times as wide as high, with scattered fine punctures (Fig. 6A).Clypeus 0.4 times as high as wide, distinctly separated from face by a deep impression, projecting medially, weakly shining and sparsely punctate, its apical margin thin and laterally impressed.Clypeal fovea shallow.Malar space 0.75 times of basal mandible width.Occipital carina complete.Mandible teeth of equal length.
Mesoscutum weakly shining, not granulate and with scattered but uniformly strong punctation.Notaulus distinct.Mesopleuron finely granulate, striated in upper part, shining, distinctly densely and strongly punctate (Fig. 6B).Metapleuron weakly shining, rugose, with rather dense but vague punctation in upper part.Propodeum strongly rugose (Fig. 6C).Area superomedia fused with area basalis, their combined area 2.6 times as long as broad.Costula absent.Area apicalis trapezoidal, 0.6 times as long as broad, and equal to 0.5 of propodeum, often with longitudinal carina and sometimes with striation.Spiracles weakly oval, 1.56 times as long as broad.Hind femur 5 times as long as broad.Hind tibia 7.9 times as long as apically broad.First tarsomere of hind leg 6.7 times as long as broad and 2.1 times as long as second tarsomere.Claws not pectinate.Fore wing with pterostigma elongate, around 3 times as long as broad and intercepted by Rs before its middle.2m-cu straight, with a single bulla.Cu-a vertical, slightly postfurcal.Hind wing with 1/Cu & cu-a intercepted by 2/Cu in lower 0.5.
Metasoma reticulate rugose and strongly punctate.First metasomal tergite as long as apically broad (Fig. 6C) and projecting dorsally, its dorsal longitudinal carinae reaching middle of tergite, with a strong impression between carinae in basal part.Area between dorsal carina and spiracle with impression.Spiracles projecting laterally.Subapical transverse impression strong and slightly wider laterally than medially.First metasomal sternite 0.3 times as long as its tergite.Second metasomal tergite 0.5 times as long as apically broad, its transverse impression starting immediately after middle of tergite.Third tergite with weak transverse impression.Ovipositor sheaths weakly clavate and 0.6 times as long as height of last visible tergite.Ovipositor stout at base with a triangular shape before shallow subapical notch, its lower valvae slightly swollen before thin tip and tip of upper valve after notch 0.28 times as long as ovipositor length (Fig. 5G).Colouration: body mostly black (Fig. 6); antennal flagellomeres and pterostigma brownish; clypeus, legs (except coxa and tibia and tarsus of hind legs), second and third metasomal sternites reddish.

Male
Morphologically similar to female, but with clypeus shorter (0.3 times as long as broad) and upper tooth of mandible slightly longer than lower.Parameres broad basally and weakly elongate apically, extending beyond aedeagus, volsella moderately large with apical notch, aedeagus apically downcurved.

Description
Female Fore wing around 5-6 mm long.Antenna slender, about as long as fore wing with 28-30 flagellomeres.Ratio of length of 1 st plus 2 nd flagellomeres to eye height 0.8.Scape short, almost as long as broad.Head rather narrowed behind eyes, matt, shagreened, and impunctate.Lateral ocellus separated from eye margin by 1.4 times their widest diameter.Face transverse 1.7 times as wide as high, shagreened, and impunctate (Fig. 7D).Clypeus 0.5 times as high as wide, distinctly separated from face by a shallow impression, strongly projecting medially, shining and sparsely punctate.Its apical margin thin and laterally impressed.Clypeal fovea not defined.Malar space 0.5 times basal mandible width.Occipital carina complete.Mandible teeth of equal length.
Mesoscutum weakly shining, finely granulate, and without punctures.Notaulus distinct.Mesopleuron rugose, not striated, matt, and impunctate.Metapleuron matt, rugose, and impunctate.Propodeum weakly rugose dorsally and granulated laterally (Fig. 7C).Area superomedia fused with area basalis, forming an X-shaped area that is around 1.6 times as long as broad.Costula absent.Area apicalis trapezoidal, 0.4 times as long as broad, as long as 0.35 of propodeum and with defined longitudinal carina.Spiracles roundish.Hind femur 5.3 times as long as broad.Hind tibia 7.9 times as long as apically broad.First tarsomere of hind leg 9.6 times as long as broad and 2.2 times as long as second tarsomere.Claws not pectinate.Fore wing with pterostigma around 3.6 times as long as broad and intercepted by Rs almost in its middle.2m-cu straight, with a single bulla.Cu-a vertical, postfurcal.Hind wing with 1/Cu & cu-a intercepted by 2/Cu in lower 0.5.
Metasoma impunctate and reticulate rugose.First metasomal tergite as long as apically broad, projecting dorsally (Fig. 7A), its dorsal longitudinal carinae reaching middle of tergite and with strong impression between carinae in basal part.Area between dorsal carina and spiracle with longitudinal impression.Spiracles projecting laterally.Subapical impression strong and uniformly broad.First metasomal sternite 0.2 times as long as its tergite.Second metasomal tergite 0.5 times as long as apically broad, its transverse impression starting immediately after middle of tergite.Transverse impression of third tergite not defined.Ovipositor sheaths weakly almond-shaped and 0.5 times as long as height of last visible tergite.Ovipositor stout at base with shallow subapical notch, tip of upper valve after notch 0.3 times as long as ovipositor length.
Colouration as in female, but with face, clypeus, malar space, mandibles (except teeth), upper part of scape, flagellum ventrally, fore and middle coxae and trochanters, hind angle of pronotum and tegulae yellow.

Description
Female Fore wing around 8-9 mm long.Antenna slender, about as long as fore wing, with 33 flagellomeres.Ratio of length of 1 st plus 2 nd flagellomeres to eye height 1.1.Scape as broad as long.Head not narrowed behind eyes, matt, with dense, fine punctures on shagreened surface (Fig. 8D).Lateral ocellus separated from eye margin by 1.6 times their widest diameter.Face transverse, 2 times as wide as high, and densely punctate (Fig. 5C).Clypeus 0.3 times as high as wide and distinctly separated from face by a deep impression, projecting medially, shining and sparsely punctate, its apical margin obtuse medially and impressed laterally.Clypeal fovea deep.Malar space 0.6 times basal mandible width.Occipital carina complete.Mandible teeth of equal length.
Mesoscutum weakly shining and finely granulate, with dense and coarse uniform punctation.Notaulus distinct.Mesopleuron shining and finely punctate (Fig. 8E).Metapleuron smooth and weakly shining, with dense punctation.Propodeum weakly rugose.Area superomedia fused with area basalis, their combined area around 2.5 times as long as broad.Costula absent.Area apicalis trapezoidal, 0.6 times as long as broad and equal to 0.4 of propodeum, often with longitudinal carina and sometimes with striation.Spiracles weakly oval, 1.4 as long as broad.Hind femur 4 times as long as broad.Hind tibia 5.7 times as long as apically broad.First tarsomere of hind leg 7.5 times as long as broad and 2.5 times as long as second tarsomere.Claws not pectinate.Fore wing with pterostigma elongate, around 4 times as long as broad and intercepted by Rs before its middle.2m-cu weakly curved, with single a bulla.Cu-a inclival, postfurcal.Hind wing with 1/Cu & cu-a intercepted by 2/Cu in lower 0.5.
Metasoma coarsely punctate (Fig. 8B).First metasomal tergite as long as apically broad and projecting dorsally, its dorsal longitudinal carinae reaching middle of tergite, with a strong impression between carinae in basal part.Area between dorsal carina and spiracle with longitudinal impression.Spiracles projecting laterally.Subapical impression strong and rather broad.First metasomal sternite 0.2 times as long as its tergite.Second metasomal tergite 0.5 times as long as apically broad, its transverse impression starting immediately after middle of tergite.Third tergite with a distinct transverse impression.Ovipositor sheaths weakly cone-shaped (Fig. 8E) and 0.4 times as long as height of last visible tergite.Ovipositor stout at base with shallow subapical notch, tip of upper valve after notch 0.23 times as long as ovipositor length.

Male
Unknown.

Host records
Unknown.

Other material examined
FINLAND: 1 ♀, Inari Lapland, Utsjoki, Kaamanen, 24-28 Jun.2013, leg.R. Jussila, RJ.Head not narrowed behind eyes, matt, with dense, fine punctures on shagreened surface.Lateral ocellus separated from eye margin by 1.5 times their widest diameter.Face transverse, 2.6 times as wide as high, shagreened and parallel-sided (Fig. 9A).Clypeus 0.3 times as high as wide and distinctly separated from face by a deep impression, projecting medially, shining and sparsely punctate, its apical margin obtuse Mesoscutum weakly shining, finely granulate, with dense and uniformly strong punctation.Notaulus distinct.Mesopleuron finely punctate, shining in upper part and shagreened in lower part.Metapleuron weakly shining, smooth, with dense punctation.Propodeum weakly rugose (Fig. 9B).Area superomedia fused with area basalis, their combined area 2.6 times as long as broad.Costula absent.Area apicalis trapezoidal, 0.6 times as long as broad, and equal to 0.4 of propodeum, often with longitudinal carina and sometimes with striation.Spiracles weakly oval, 1.2 times as long as broad.Hind femur 5.3 times as long as broad.Hind tibia 8.5 times as long as apically broad.First tarsomere of hind leg 8.7 times as long as broad and 2 times as long as second tarsomere.Claws not pectinate.Fore wing with pterostigma elongate, around 5.7 times as long as broad and intercepted by Rs before its middle.2m-cu curved, with a single bulla.Cu-a slightly inclival, postfurcal.Hind wing with cu-a intercepted around its middle.
Metasoma strongly punctate (Fig. 9B).First metasomal tergite 1.1 times as long as apically broad and projecting dorsally, its dorsal longitudinal carinae reaching middle of tergite and with a strong impression between carinae in basal part.Area between dorsal carina and spiracle with longitudinal impression.Spiracles projecting laterally.Subapical impression strong and rather broad.First metasomal sternite 0.2 times as long as its tergite.Second metasomal tergite 0.7 times as long as broad apically (Fig. 9B), its transverse impression starting immediately after middle of tergite.Second and third tergite with weak transverse impressions.Ovipositor sheaths weakly cone-shaped (Fig. 9C) and as long as height of last visible tergite.Ovipositor stout at base with a shallow subapical notch, tip of upper valve rather elongate after notch, around 0.3 times as long as ovipositor length.
Colouration: body mostly black (Fig. 9); apical part of clypeus, fore and middle legs (except coxa), hind femur, base of hind tibia and second and third tergites of metasoma reddish; middle part of hind tibia reddish-yellow.

Male
Unknown.

Host records
Unknown.

Diagnosis
This species is distinguished from other species in the genus by the following characters: face entirely black (Fig. 10A); clypeus relatively thin (Fig. 10A); head narrowed behind eyes (Fig. 10B); first metasomal tergite not projecting at spiracles and gradually narrowed towards its base (Fig. 10D); metasoma partly reddish (Fig. 10E).

Description Female
Fore wing around 6-7 mm long.Antenna slender, around 1.2 times as long as fore wing, with 32 flagellomeres.Ratio of length of 1 st plus 2 nd flagellomeres to eye height 1.1.Scape 1.3 times as long as broad.Head narrowed behind eyes, matt, shagreened and impunctate (Fig. 10B).Lateral ocellus separated from eye margin by 1.6 times their widest diameter.Face transverse 2 times as broad as long, shagreened, weakly tapering inwards in anterior view (Fig. 10A).Clypeus 0.4 times as high as wide and distinctly separated from face by deep impression, projecting medially, shining and sparsely punctate, its apical margin obtuse medially and impressed laterally.Clypeal fovea deep.Malar space as long as 0.7 of basal mandible width.Occipital carina complete.Mandible teeth of equal length.
Mesoscutum matt, finely granulate.Notaulus distinct.Mesopleuron matt, shagreened.Metapleuron matt, with dense punctation.Propodeum rugose (Fig. 10C).Area superomedia fused with area basalis, their combined area 2.9 times as long as broad.Costula absent.Area apicalis trapezoidal, 0.6 times as long as broad, and equal to 0.4 of propodeum, often with longitudinal carina.Spiracles weakly oval, 1.4 times as long as broad.Hind femur 5.3 times as long as broad.Hind tibia 8.25 times as long as apically broad.First tarsomere of hind leg around 8.6 times as long as broad and around 2.15 times as long as second tarsomere.Claws not pectinate.Fore wing with pterostigma short, around 2.6 times as long as broad and intercepted by Rs at its middle.2m-cu straight, with a single bulla.Cu-a vertical, postfurcal.Hind wing with 1/Cu & cu-a intercepted by 2/Cu in lower 0.5.Metasoma unevenly punctate.First metasomal tergite 1.5 times as long as apically broad, not projecting dorsally and gradually narrowed towards its base (Fig. 10D).Its dorsal longitudinal carinae reaching middle of tergite, with an impression between carinae in basal part.Area between dorsal carina and spiracle with weak longitudinal impression.Spiracles not projecting laterally.Subapical impression strong and rather broad.First metasomal sternite 0.2 times as long as its tergite.Second metasomal tergite 0.6 times as long as apically broad, its transverse impression starting immediately after middle of tergite.Second and third tergite with weak transverse impressions.Ovipositor sheaths weakly cone- shaped (Fig. 10E) and as long as 0.5 of height of last visible tergite.Ovipositor stout at base with shallow subapical notch, the tip of upper valve rather elongate after notch, around 0.4 times as long as ovipositor length.

Male
Morphologically similar to female.Parameres not elongate apically, extending slightly beyond aedeagus.
Colouration as in female, but with face, sternites, epipleurum of tergites and parameres yellow.

Diagnosis
This species is distinguished from other species in the genus by the following characters: face with yellow spots (Fig. 11B); scutellum yellow (Fig. 11C); tarsus and hind tibia with reddish colouration (Fig. 11C-D).

Description
Female Fore wing around 7 mm long.Antenna slender, about as long as fore wing, with 30 flagellomeres.Ratio of length of 1 st plus 2 nd flagellomeres to eye height 1.1.Scape 1.2 times as long as broad.Head not narrowed behind eyes, matt, with dense, strong punctures on shagreened surface.Lateral ocellus separated from eye margin by 1.4 times their widest diameter.Face transverse, 2 times as broad as long, and densely punctate (Fig. 11B).Clypeus 0.4 times as high as wide, distinctly separated from face by deep impression, strongly projecting medially, shining and sparsely punctate, its apical margin obtuse medially and impressed laterally.Clypeal fovea deep.Malar space 0.7 times basal mandible width.Occipital carina complete.Mandible teeth of equal length.
Mesoscutum weakly shining, finely granulate, with dense and uniformly strong punctation.Notaulus distinct.Mesopleuron shining, distinctly densely and strongly punctate.Metapleuron weakly shining, with rather dense punctation.Propodeum weakly rugose (Fig. 11C).Area superomedia fused with area basalis, their combined area 2.5 times as long as broad.Costula absent.Area apicalis trapezoidal, 0.5 times as long as broad, and equal to 0.5 of propodeum, often with longitudinal carina and sometimes with striation.Spiracles weakly oval, 1.5 times as long as broad.Hind femur 4 times as long as broad.Hind tibia 7 times as long as apically broad.First tarsomere of hind leg 6.8 times as long as broad and 2.4 times as long as second tarsomere.Claws not pectinate.Fore wing with pterostigma elongate, around 3.7 times as long as broad and intercepted by Rs at its middle.2m-cu straight, with a single bulla.Cu-a vertical, interstitial.Hind wing with 1/Cu & cu-a intercepted by 2/Cu in lower 0.5.
Metasoma strongly punctate and reticulate rugose (Fig. 11A, C).First metasomal tergite as long as broad apically and projecting dorsally, its dorsal longitudinal carinae reaching apical part of tergite and with a strong impression between carinae in its basal part.Area between dorsal carina and spiracle with impression.Spiracles projecting laterally.Subapical impression strong, slightly wider laterally than medially.First metasomal sternite 0.2 times as long as its tergite.Second metasomal tergite 0.5 times as long as apically broad, its transverse impression starting immediately after middle of tergite.Third tergite with a weak transverse impression.Ovipositor sheaths weakly cone-shaped and 0.8 times as long as height of last visible tergite.Ovipositor stout at base with a shallow subapical notch.

Male
Unknown.

Diagnosis
This species is distinguished from other species in the genus by the following characters: female face with yellow coloration (Fig. 12A); female with ramulus on the 1m-cu present (Fig. 12C); propodeum with area basalis and area superomedia distinctly separated by carina (Fig. 12B); metasoma partly reddish.

Material examined
AUSTRIA

Description
Female Fore wing around 7-8 mm long.Antenna slender, around 0.8 times as long as fore wing, with 28 flagellomeres.Ratio of length of 1 st plus 2 nd flagellomeres to eye height 1.1.Scape as broad as long.Head not narrowed behind eyes, matt and shagreened, without punctures .Lateral ocellus separated from eye margin by 1.5 times their widest diameter.Face transverse, 2.2 times as wide as high, shagreened and parallel sided (Fig. 10A).Clypeus 0.35 times as high as wide, distinctly separated from face by deep impression, slightly projecting medially, shining and sparsely punctate, its apical margin weakly obtuse medially and impressed laterally.Clypeal fovea rather deep.Malar space as long as 0.7 basal mandible width.Occipital carina complete.Mandible teeth of equal length.
Mesoscutum matt and finely granulate.Notaulus distinct.Mesopleuron matt and shagreened, with striation in upper part.Metapleuron matt with dense punctation.Propodeum matt and shagreened (Fig. 12B).Area superomedia separated from area basalis by distinct carina.Costula absent.Area apicalis trapezoidal, 0.4 times as long as broad and with longitudinal carina.Spiracles weakly oval, 1.2 times as long as broad.Hind femur 4.7 times as long as broad.Hind tibia 7 times as long as apically broad.First tarsomere of hind leg 8.8 times as long as broad and 1.9 times as long as second tarsomere.Claws not pectinate.Fore wing with pterostigma around 3.6 times as long as broad and intercepted by Rs before its middle.Female with ramulus on the 1m-cu present (Fig. 12C).2m-cu straight, with a single bulla.Cu-a weakly inclival, postfurcal.Hind wing with cu-a intercepted far below middle and almost at vein 1A (Fig. 12C).
Metasoma finely punctate.First metasomal tergite 1.4 times as long as apically broad, not projecting dorsally (Fig. 12C), its dorsal longitudinal carinae reaching middle of tergite and with an impression between carinae in basal part.Area between dorsal carina and spiracle with weak longitudinal impression.Spiracles not projecting laterally.Subapical impression strong and rather broad.First metasomal sternite 0.2 times as long as its tergite.Second metasomal tergite as long as apically broad.Second and third tergites with weak transverse impressions.Ovipositor sheaths weakly cone-shaped and as long as 0.5 of height of last visible tergite.Ovipositor stout at base with a shallow subapical notch.

Male
Morphologically similar to female, but with ramulus absent.Parameres not elongate apically and not extending beyond aedeagus.
Colouration as in female, but with face, sternites, epipleurum of tergites and parameres yellow.

Comments
These are the first tentative records for Austria and Sweden.As the type specimen of this species is lost and males from Finland and Sweden are rather different in structure of face from the female known from Austria, more work is needed to ascertain their taxonomic status.

Diagnosis
This species is distinguished from other species in the genus by the following characters: female face entirely black (Fig. 13A); hind femur 4.2 times as long as broad and basal tarsomere of hind tarsus relatively stout (6 times as long as broad) (Fig. 13D); mesopleuron coriaceous, matt and impunctate; scutellum black; transverse impressions of first and second metasomal tergites rather distinct (Fig. 13C); metasoma with second and third metasomal tergites dark reddish (Fig. 13C).

Etymology
Species epithet refers to the morphology of the hind tarsus.

Female
Fore wing around 9 mm long.Antenna slender, with 34 flagellomeres, about as long as fore wing.Ratio of length of 1 st plus 2 nd flagellomeres to eye height 1.1.Scape as long as broad.Head not narrowed behind eyes, matt, without punctures, shagreened (Fig. 13B).Lateral ocellus separated from eye margin by 1.6 times their widest diameter.Face transverse 2.2 times as wide as high, without punctures and shagreened (Fig. 13A).Clypeus 0.4 times as high as wide, distinctly separated from face by a deep impression, projecting medially, shining, its apical margin obtuse medially and impressed laterally.Clypeal fovea deep.Malar space 0.9 times basal mandible width.Occipital carina complete.Mandible teeth of equal length.
Mesoscutum weakly shining, finely granulate.Notaulus distinct.Mesopleuron shining and finely punctate.Metapleuron weakly shining, rugose and with dense punctation.Propodeum rugose.Area superomedia fused with area basalis, their combined area 2.5 times as long as broad.Costula absent.Area apicalis trapezoidal, often with longitudinal carina, 0.5 times as long as broad and equal to 0.4 of propodeum.Spiracles weakly oval, 1.4 times as long as broad.Hind femur 4.2 times as long as broad.Hind tibia 6.6 times as long as apically broad.First tarsomere of hind leg 6 times as long as broad and 2 times as long as second tarsomere.Claws not pectinate.Fore wing with pterostigma short, around 2.3 times as long as broad and intercepted by Rs at its middle.2m-cu curved, with a single bulla.Cu-a vertical, postfurcal.Hind wing with 1/Cu & cu-a intercepted by 2/Cu in lower 0.5.
Metasoma strongly punctate (Fig. 13C).First metasomal tergite 1.1 times as long as apically broad, projecting dorsally, its dorsal longitudinal carinae reaching middle of tergite and with a strong impression between the carinae in basal part.Area between dorsal carina and spiracle with longitudinal impression.Spiracles projecting laterally.Subapical impression strong and rather broad.First metasomal sternite 0.2 times as long as its tergite.Second metasomal tergite 0.5 times as long as apically broad, its transverse impression at its middle (Fig. 13C).Third tergite with a distinct transverse impression (Fig. 13C).Ovipositor sheaths weakly cone-shaped and as long as height of last visible tergite.Ovipositor stout at base with shallow subapical notch.

Male
Unknown.

Host records
Unknown.

Diagnosis
This species is distinguished from other species in the genus by the following characters: hind tibia black basally and apically and yellow centrally (Fig. 14); scutellum entirely black (Fig. 15C-D); first and second metasomal tergites with weak transverse impressions (Fig. 15C).

Description Female
Fore wing around 8-10 mm long.Antenna stout, around 0.8 times as long as fore wing and with 33-34 flagellomeres.Ratio of length of 1 st plus 2 nd flagellomeres to eye height 1.0.Scape as broad as long.Head not narrowed behind eyes, weakly shining.Lateral ocellus separated from eye margin by 1.6 times their widest diameter.Face transverse, 2 times as wide as high, shagreened and without punctures, (Fig. 15A).Clypeus 0.35 times as high as wide, distinctly separated from face by deep impression and projecting medially, its apical margin obtuse medially and impressed laterally.Clypeal fovea shallow.Malar space 0.8 times basal mandible width.Occipital carina complete.Mandible with upper tooth slightly longer than lower tooth.
Mesoscutum weakly shining, finely granulate, with dense and uniformly strong punctation.Notaulus distinct.Mesopleuron finely granulate, weakly striated in upper part, shining and distinctly densely and strongly punctate.Metapleuron weakly shining, with rather dense but vague punctation in upper part.Propodeum strongly rugose (Fig. 15D).Area superomedia fused with area basalis, their combined area forming a u-shape (Fig. 15D).Costula absent.Area apicalis roundish (Fig. 15D).Spiracles roundish.Hind femur 4 times as long as broad.Hind tibia 5.5 times as long as apically broad.First tarsomere of hind leg 8 times as long as broad and 2 times as long as second tarsomere.Claws not pectinate.Fore wing with pterostigma short, around 2.7 times as long as broad and intercepted by Rs slightly before its middle.2m-cu weakly curved in upper part, with a single bulla.Cu-a inclival, postfurcal.Hind wing with 1/Cu & cu-a intercepted by 2/Cu in lower 0.5.Metasoma shagreened.First metasomal tergite as long as apically broad, weakly projecting dorsally, its dorsal longitudinal carinae reaching middle of tergite and with a strong impression between carinae in basal part.Area between dorsal carina and spiracle with impression.Spiracles projecting laterally.Subapical impression strong, slightly wider laterally than medially.First metasomal sternite 0.3 times as long as its tergite.Second metasomal tergite 0.7 times as long as apically broad, its transverse impression at middle of tergite.Third tergite with weak transverse impression.Ovipositor sheaths weakly coneshaped and 0.8 times as long as height of last visible tergite.Ovipositor stout at base with a shallow subapical notch.Colouration: body mostly black (Figs 14B, 15A, C-D); tegulae, upper edge of propleuron at tegulae, middle of hind tibia and rather thin margin of metasomal tergites yellowish; antennal flagellomeres and pterostigma brownish; clypeus and legs (except hind tibia and tarsus) reddish.

Male
Morphologically similar to female, but with clypeus shorter, 0.36 times as long as broad (Fig. 15B), and teeth of mandible of equal length.Parameres elongate apically, extending beyond aedeagus, volsella moderately large and notched apically, aedeagus apically downcurved.
Colouration as in female, but sometimes hind yellow margin of tergites wider.Face, sternites and parameres yellow (Fig. 14A).
Metasoma coarsely punctate and reticulate rugose.First metasomal tergite usually short and projecting dorsally, its dorsal longitudinal carinae reaching middle of tergite, with a strong impression between carinae in basal part.Subapical impression strong.Second metasomal tergite with transverse impression starting immediately after middle of tergite.Third tergite with weak transverse impression.Ovipositor sheaths weakly clavate.Ovipositor stout at base with triangular shape before shallow subapical notch, its lower valvae slightly swollen before thin tip and tip of upper valve rather elongate after notch.Parameres broad basally and weakly elongate apically, extending beyond aedeagus.Volsella moderately large and notched apically.Aedeagus apically downcurved.
7 times basal mandible width.Occipital carina complete.Mandible with teeth usually of equal length.Notaulus distinct.Mesopleuron usually granulate, striated, or densely and coarsely punctate.Metapleuron weakly shining, rugose, with rather dense punctation in upper part.Propodeum strongly rugose.Area superomedia usually fused with area basalis.Costula absent.Area apicalis large, trapezoidal, often with longitudinal carina and sometimes with striation.Spurs of middle and hind tibiae of unequal length.Tarsal claws not pectinate.Fore wing with pterostigma elongate.2m-cu straight, with a single bulla.Cu-a vertical, slightly postfurcal.Hind wing with 1/Cu & cu-a intercepted by 2/Cu in lower 0.5.