PL EN
REVIEW PAPER
Selected aspects of metabolic disorders in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with coexistence of thyroid dysfunctions
 
More details
Hide details
1
Klinika Endokrynologii Ginekologicznej, Szpital Kliniczny im. ks. Anny Mazowieckiej, Warszawa
 
2
Zakład Opieki Zdrowotnej, Katedra Medycyny Społecznej, Warszawski Uniwersytet Medyczny
 
3
Szpital Kliniczny im. ks. Anny Mazowieckiej, Warszawa
 
 
Corresponding author
Katarzyna Suchta   

Klinika Endokrynologii Ginekologicznej, Szpital Kliniczny im. ks. Anny Mazowieckiej, ul. Karowa 2, 00-315 Warszawa
 
 
Med Og Nauk Zdr. 2016;22(2):89-93
 
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and thyroid diseases, especially autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) which mainly lead to hypothyroidism, are the most common endocrinopathies among women in reproductive age in Poland and developed countries. Both of these diseases may lead to metabolic disorders and are considered as an important sociological problem. Social consciousness of the impact of these diseases on long-distance metabolic consequences, such as higher risk of cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes or fertility problems, is an important issue in the possibility of their early diagnostic and an appropriate treatment. Moreover, the prevalence of autoimmune thyroiditis and hypothyroidism among women with polycystic ovary syndrome is statistically higher in comparison to healthy women.

Purpose of the study:
The aim of the study is to present current information on selected metabolic disorders in women with polycystic ovary syndrome with coexistence of thyroid dysfunction.

Brief description of the state of knowledge:
The article is based on actual state of knowledge on polycystic ovary syndrome, thyroid diseases and their association with metabolic disorders based on medical literature.

Conclusion:
Polycystic ovary syndrome, as well as thyroid dysfunctions, are the most common endocrionopathies among women at reproductive age exerting a great effect on metabolic syndrome. Early diagnosis and treatment of these endocrinopathies may lead to limitation of metabolic disorders which are increasingly more often observed. The data presented in the article may be useful for primary care doctors involved in amelioration of the health condition of their patients.

 
REFERENCES (50)
1.
Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored PCOS consensus workshop group. Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Human Reproduction. 2004; 19: 41–47.
 
2.
March WA, Moore VM, Willson KJ, Phillips DI, Norman RJ & Davies MJ. The prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome in a community sample assessed under contrasting diagnostic criteria. Human Repro¬duction. 2010; 25: 544–551.
 
3.
R. A. Wild. Long-term health consequences of PCOS. Human Reproduction Update. 2002; 8(3): 231–241.
 
4.
Reaven GM. Insulin resistance: the link between obesity and cardiovascular disease. Med Clin North Am. 2011; 95(5): 875–892.
 
5.
Budlewski T, Franek E. Diagnostyka obrazowa chorób tarczycy. Via Med. 2009; 1: 37–41.
 
6.
Lewiński A, Hilczer M, Smyczyńska J. Nadczynność i niedoczynność tarczycy-przyczyny, rozpoznawanie i leczenie. Przew Lek. 2002; 10: 52–62.
 
7.
Hollowell JG, Staehling NW, Flanders WD, Hannon WH, Gunter EW, Spencer CA & Braverman LE. Serum TSH, T4, and thyroid antibodies in the United States population (1988 to 1994): National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002; 87: 489–499.
 
8.
Zaletel K & Gabersˇcˇek S. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: from genes to the disease. Curr Genom. 2011; 12: 576–588.
 
9.
Ben-Shlomo I, Younis JS. Basic research in PCOS: are we reaching new frontiers? Reprod. BioMed Online. 2014; 28: 669–83.
 
10.
Caturegli P, De Remigis A, et al. Hashimoto thyroiditis: Clinical and diagnostic criteria. Autoimmunity Rev. 2014; 13: 391–7.
 
11.
Sinha U, Sinharay K, et al. Thyroid disorders in polycystic ovarian syndrome subjects: A tertiary hospital based cross-sectional study from Eastern India. Indian J Endocrinol Mebol. 2013; 17: 304–9.
 
12.
Morgante G, Musacchio MC, et al. Alterations in thyroid function among the different polycystic ovary syndrome phenotypes. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2013; 29: 967–9.
 
13.
Benetti-Pinto CL, Berini Piccolo VR, Mendes Garmes H & Teatin Juliato CR. Subclinical hypothyroidism in young women with polycystic ovary syndrome: an analysis of clinical, hormonal, and metabolic parameters. Fertility and Sterility. 2012; 99: 588–592.
 
14.
Grundy SM, Cleeman JI, Daniels SR, et al. Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome: an American Heart Association/Natio-nalHeart, Lung, and Blood Institute scientific statement. Circulation. 2005; 112(17): 2735–2752.
 
15.
Wilson PWF, D’Agostino RB, Parise H, Sullivan L, Meigs JB. Metabolic syndrome as a precursor of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Circulation. 2005; 112(20): 3066–3072.
 
16.
Pauli JM, Raja-Khan N, Wu X, Legro RS. Current perspectives of insulin resistance and polycystic ovary syndrome. Diab Med. 2011; 28(12): 1445–1454.
 
17.
Gambineri A, Pelusi C, Vicennati V, Pagotto U, Pasquali R. Obesity and the polycystic ovary syndrome. Int J Obes. 2002; 26(7): 883–896.
 
18.
De Pergola G. The adipose tissue metabolism: role of testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone. Int J Obes. 2000; 24, suppl. 2: 59–S63.
 
19.
Boden G. Obesity, insulin resistance and free fatty acids. Curr Opinion Endocrinol Diab Obes. 2011; 18(2): 139–143.
 
20.
Giallauria F, Palomba S, Vigorito C, et al. Androgens in polycystic ovary syndrome: the role of exercise and diet. Sem Reprod Med. 2009; 27(4): 306–315.
 
21.
Kahn SE, Hull RL, Utzschneider KM. Mechanisms linking obesity to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Nature. 2006; 444(7121): 840–846.
 
22.
Mantzoros CS, Dunaif A, Flier JS. Leptin concentrations in the polycy¬stic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1997; 82(6): 1687–1691.
 
23.
Mendonça HC, Montenegro Jr. RM, Foss MC, Silva de Sá M, Ferriani RA. Positive correlation of serum leptin with estradiol levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2004; 37(5): 729–736.
 
24.
Chakrabarti J. Serum leptin level in women with polycystic ovary syn¬drome: correlation with adiposity, insulin, and circulating testosterone. Ann Med Health Sci Res. 2013; 3(2): 191–196.
 
25.
Yildizhan R, Ilhan GA, Yildizhan B, Kolusari A, Adali E, Bugdayci G. Serum retinol-binding protein 4, leptin, and plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine levels in obese and nonobese young women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertility and Sterility. 2011; 96(1): 246–250.
 
26.
Pasquali R, Gambineri A, Pagotto U. The impact of obesity on reproduction in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. BJOG: An Int J Obst Gynaecol. 2006; 113(10): 1148–1159.
 
27.
Pietrych A, Filip R. Wpływ diety redukcyjnej na masę ciała u osób z nadwagą i otyłością. Probl Hig Epidemiol. 2011; 3: 577–579.
 
28.
Harris TB, Bauer DC. Sublinical hypothyroidism and the risk of heart failure, other cardiovascular events and death. Arch Intern Med. 2005; 165: 2460–2466.
 
29.
Basińska MA, Merc M, Juraniec O. Mood of individuals with Graves-Basedow’s disease and Hashimoto’s disease. Endokrynol Pol. 2009; 60: 461–468.
 
30.
Przygodzka M, Filipowicz-Sosnowska A. Występowanie chorób tarczycy i przeciwciał przeciwtarczycowych u kobiet chorych na reuma-toidalne zapalenie stawów. Pol Arch Med Wewn. 2009; 119: 39–44.
 
31.
De Moura Souza A, Sichieri R. Association be-tween serum TSH concentration within the normal range and adiposity. Eur J Endocrinol. 2011; 165: 11–15.
 
32.
Muscogiuri G, Sorice GP, Mezza T, Prioletta A, Lassandro AP, Pirronti T, Della Casa S, Pontecorvi A, Giaccari A. High-normal tsh values in obesity: is it insulin resistance or adipose tissue’s guilt? Obesity (Silver Spring). 2013; 21: 101–106.
 
33.
Kitahara CM, Platz EA, Ladenson PW, Mon-dul AM, Menke A, Berrington de Gonzalez A. Body fatness and markers of thyroid function among US men and women. PLoS One. 2012; 7: e34979.
 
34.
Reinehr T, Isa A, de Sousa G, Dieffenbach R, Andler W. Thyroid hormones and their relation to weight status. Horm Res. 2008; 70: 51–57.
 
35.
Welt CK, Chan JL, Bullen J, Murphy R, Smith P, DePaoli AM, Karalis A, Mantzoros CS. Recombinant human leptin in women with hypo-thalamic amenorrhea. N Engl J Med. 2004; 351: 987–997.
 
36.
Duntas LH, Brenta G. The effect of thyroid disorders on lipid levels and metabolism. Med Clin North Am. 2012; 96: 269–281.
 
37.
Pearce EN. Update in lipid alterations in subclinical hypothyroidism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012; 97: 326–333.
 
38.
Waring AC, Rodondi N, Harrison S, Kanaya AM, Simonsick EM, Miljkovic I, Satterfield S, Newman AB, Bauer DC. Thyroid function and prevalent and incident metabolic syndrome in older adults: the health, ageing and body composition study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2012; 76: 911–918.
 
39.
Maratou E, Hadjidakis DJ, Peppa M, Aleviza-ki M, Tsegka K, Lamba¬diari V, Mitrou P, Boutati E, Kollias A, Economopoulos T, Raptis SA, Dimitriadis G. Studies of insulin resistance in patients with clinical and subclinical hyperthyroidism. Eur J Endocrinol. 2010; 163: 625–630.
 
40.
Mitrou P, Raptis SA, Dimitriadis G. Insulin action in hyperthyroidism: a focus on muscle and adipose tissue. Endocr Rev. 2010; 31: 663–679.
 
41.
Maratou E, Hadjidakis DJ, Kollias A, Tsegka, Peppa M, Alevizaki M, Mitrou P, Lambadiari V, Boutati E, Nikzas D, Tountas N, Economo-poulos T, Raptis SA, Dimitriadis G. Studies of insulin resistance in patients with clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism. Eur J Endocrinol. 2009; 160: 785–790.
 
42.
Visser WE, Heemstra KA, Swagemakers SM, Ozgur Z, Corssmit EP, Burggraaf J, van Ijcken WF, van der Spek PJ, Smit JW, Visser TJ. Phy-siological thyroid hormone levels regulate numerous skeletal muscle transcripts. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009; 94: 3487–3496.
 
43.
Stanicka S, Vondra K, Pelikanova T, Vlcek P, Hill M, Zamrazil V. Insulin sensitivity and counter-regulatory hormones in hypothyroidism and during thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2005; 43: 715–720.
 
44.
Roos A, Bakker SJ, Links TP, Gans RO, Wolffenbuttel BH. Thyroid function is associated with components of the metabolic syndrome in euthyroid subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007; 92: 491–496.
 
45.
Lim SS, Davies MJ, et al. Overweight, obesity and central obesity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update. 2012; 18: 618–37.
 
46.
Morgante G, Musacchio MC, et al. Alterations in thyroid function among the different polycystic ovary syndrome phenotypes. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2013; 29: 67–9.
 
47.
Mueller A, Schofl C, et al. Thyroid-stimulating hormone is associated with insulin resistance independently of body mass index and age in wo¬men with polycystic ovary syndrome. Hum Reprod. 2009; 24: 2924–30.
 
48.
Singla R, Gupta Y, et al. Thyroid disorders and polycystic ovary syndrome: An emerging relationship. Indian J Endocrinol Mebol. 2015; 19: 25–9.
 
49.
Gaberscek S, Zaletel K, et al. Thyroid and polycystic ovary syndrome. Eur J Endocrinol. 2015; 172: R9–21.
 
50.
Huang R, Zheng J, et al. Subclinical hypothyroidism in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: Distribution and its association with lipid profiles. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2014; 177: 52–6.
 
eISSN:2084-4905
ISSN:2083-4543
Journals System - logo
Scroll to top