PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF URBAN PLANNING DOCUMENTS IN THE CRACOW AREA PUBLISHED ON THE INTERNET 

The aim of spatial planning is creating rules for proper space organisation for human needs. It is implemented within several levels of detail and by creating various planning documents. The most important of them are prepared within the local government. They directly influence our nearest human surroundings. They are two types of planning documents prepared within the local level of government in Poland. The first is the study of conditions and directions for spatial development. The second is the local plan for spatial development (local spatial plan). The study defines the spatial policy of the commune ( gmina ). The spatial plan is based on the study and is the principal document for issuing administrative decisions for creating new objects or making changes in space. The new objects may be cadastral parcels (subdivision procedure), buildings (building permits), or other building objects (i.e. roads). The administrative decisions may result in restructuring land or amending its functions, for example during its expropriation or transformation from agricultural into one destined for building development. According to the Polish law and for proper realization of procedures mentioned above, the local spatial plans must be available on the internet, on the communes websites. However, the act on spatial planning and development that introduces such an obligation, does define neither details nor precise requirements concerning publishing planning documents online. Therefore, we can find variety of ways how the planning documents are available, there. They are provided either in a very simple way (traditional scans) or applying more sophisticated methods (interactive maps or professional geoportals). Authors explored, how the planning documents are published on the web, by local authorities, within the county ( powiat ) of Cracow that is divided into 17 communes and the city of Cracow itself. Some conclusions on applying planning documents for specific processes are given in the paper, as well.


INTRODUCTION
According to [1] spatial planning is the set of activities concerning future status of certain areas.They are conducted by proper public administration agendas basing on space status.Spatial planning as a creative process leads to the creation of the new state of spatial arrangement for certain area, so it cannot take place on its own.It concerns real estates and therefore it affects various areas.The most important ones are land management and building development.
Spatial planning answer the questions concerning future objects locations and new spatial development.The new spatial objects are results of land management processes and procedures like subdivision, consolidation and subdivision, expropriation or building development.Spatial planning in Poland takes place in the different levels of state's territorial division [7].The most important actions take place at the commune (gmina) level, for spatial planning there concerns the closest human surroundings and is performed in the highest level of detail.
Both the study of conditions and directions for spatial development and local spatial plan have the most important role in the commune spatial planning.The study is the document that is compulsory for every commune.It describes the main elements of commune spatial policy.The commune's local spatial plan must correspond with the study of conditions and directions for spatial development, but the study itself is does not cause any other legal implications.
The spatial plan as the act of local law is the base for realization of procedures concerning land management and building development that have been mentioned above.The chosen procedures depending on local spatial plan records are presented in the table 1.

Procedure
The local spatial plan influence on the procedure

Subdivision
It decides on one of subdivision ways defining real estate's designation.The subdivision of real estate (different from agricultural or forest one) takes place after checking its correspondence with local spatial plan that can define minimal area or dimensions for land parcels being result of subdivision and destined for building development and minimal width of internal roads, as well.

Consolidation and subdivision
This procedure cannot be performer without defining area for land consolidation and subdivision in the local spatial plan.It defines the land parcels dimensions after subdivision.

Expropriation
It indicates real estates that can be the subject of expropriation by defining the public purpose.

Valuation of real estates
The value of real estate depends on designation in local spatial plan.The archive plans can be exceptionally helpful here.

Building permit
The building project must be attached when applying for building permit.It must correspond to the local spatial plan.The planning document decides on build-up type, lines for boundaries for build-up, biologically active area and dimensions of the building.The building materials may be defined in the plan as well.

Land exclusion from agricultural or forest production
Administrative decision concerning land exclusion from agricultural or forest production sometimes requires prior change of land designation in the local spatial plan.
Despite the fact that local spatial plan is so important the lawmakers did not decide to make its creation obligatory.The building development process may take place in the areas not having local spatial plan but the special individual administrative decision is required then.It is called decision on conditions on land build-up and development.
The research follows the obligation of publishing the local spatial plans on the internet, so interested parties have an easy access there.It is also possible to use it for proceeding procedures connected with local spatial plan.The purpose of the study, otherwise than in [3], [8] and [9], is analysis of application possibility for this published information.

THE ANALYZED AREA
The local spatial plans of communes from Cracow county (powiat) and the city of Cracow itself that are accessible on the internet were analysed to evaluate its quality.
The spatial policies of Cracow area were preliminary analyzed in [2].Total amount (max.11)

QUALITY OF PUBLISHING LOCAL SPATIAL PLANS
As the local spatial plans are basis for administrative procedures concerning land information, its eight important properties that plans published on the internet should have, were identified.Its detailed description is provided in the table no. 4.

CONCLUSIONS
Local spatial plans published by communes meet the basic informative criteria.All communes should tend to create interactive internet portals with wide variety of options and data.It could be significant help when dealing with administrative procedures that use local spatial plans.
The local spatial plans within the analysed area are usually published through map portals that are provided by commercial companies.Despite having various interfaces its functionality is similar.
In authors opinion the best strategy for publishing local spatial plans is taken by the city of Cracow.The full documentation concerning plans is accessible on the internet.The weak point is the fact that the city does not publish these data in one place (website), so the interested parties need to make data searches on two linked websites.
Communes which have not yet created map portals, publish acts concerning local spatial plans as files of various formats.Basing on research, we can reason that such a solution have similar functionality as websites applying less advanced map viewers (similar results for Liszki and Iwanowice or Słomniki and Sułoszowa communes).

Fig. 1 .
Fig. 1.Communes of Cracow county and the city of Cracow.Source: Own study based on State Register of Borders

Fig. 3 .
Fig. 3. Preliminary usefulness evaluation of Cracow area local spatial plans published on the internet.Source: Own study.

Table . 4
. Local spatial plans properties important when plans are published on the internet.Source: Own study.Meeting criteria (full or partial) listed in the table no.4 should guarantee optimization of administrative procedures concerning local spatial plan.The properties of local spatial plans being subject of research are presented in the table no. 5.The properties of local spatial plans published on the internet (table no.4) are presented in the fig.3, in the ascending order according to the total amount of points.It enables preliminary usefulness evaluation of local spatial plans from Cracow area published on the internet.

Table . 5
. Local spatial plans published on the internet properties (according to table no.4).Czernichów commune have map portal publishing the study of conditions and directions for spatial development.It is supposed that commune local spatial plan will be published there in the same way as portal.
*** All data published by the city of Cracow (portal, maps, DGN files) were evaluated together