Bibliometric Analysis of High-performance Organization Literature Review: 1984 till 2020

The discussion on the high-performance organization (HPO) emerged in early 1984. The terminology of the high-performance organization has attracted scholars to study the concept of the HPO, its related factors, and its outcome toward the organization’s goals. Since then, scholars have frequently used the term “High-Performance Organization” further to investigate the development of the concept in this area. The objective of this study is to depict the systematic review of literature on high-performance organizations which had been published in the Scopus journals from 1984 to 2020. Based on the Scopus database, all published articles related to high organization performance were compiled and integrated as the data. VOS viewer (visualization of similarities) Publish or Perish and Microsoft Exel software has been used to process the collected data. A total of 199 documents were analyzed and found much of the high-performance organization-related work was conducted in the United States and the Netherlands. Mainly, business management and social sciences have been focused in high-performance organization literature however other important areas such as Material science, Pharmaceutics, Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, and Mathematics have been ignored and paid less attention. This study examines the history of the HPO scientific literature and identifies current research objectives, as well as future research paths and dimensions in the field. Success, Performance.


INTRODUCTION
High-Performance Organization (HPO) concept has attracted the great attention of researchers, shareholders, practitioners, and organizations for ensuring sustained business success, growth, and survival. Becoming a high-performance organization enables to perform well over comparable organizations for a longer period of time [1] because HPOs develop strong capabilities to run the business smoothly and manage the employees properly.
The high-performance organization is the ones that are performing extraordinary in the industry and have outstanding partnerships with staff, consumers, and other stakeholders concerning competitive advantage and reducing costs. [2] High-performance companies understand the need to step quickly into new ways of working more suited to the environment in which we operate today. When companies want to be able to compete efficiently in the global marketplace they need to rapidly and cost-effectively produce new goods and services. They need to be able to work outside their limits and optimize possible synergies. [3] According to De Waal, [4] an organization that pays greater attention to high-performance factors and high-performance attributes is more likely than other members of its peer group to be a high-performing company. Research into high-performance organizations has shown that their sales growth is 10 percent higher on average, their earnings are 29 percent higher and the overall return of shareholders is 23 percent higher than that of non-highperforming organizations. [4] Several HPO models have been created and defined in past studies from the originative work published by Peters and Waterman (1982). Among the models presented for HPO such as the work of Collins have retained attractiveness throughout time, [5] others have gained brief attention publicity as the work of Keller and Price, [6] although others have vanished from the academic and managerial context. De Waal's HPO model [7] is a model that was proposed in 2007 and has seen continuous and steady progress since then. It is, to this author's knowledge, the only HPO model that has been tested over and over again on its operations and found (constructive) outcomes in implementation see for instance. [8][9] De Waal's high-performance model is a research method that originated from a systematic analysis of past studies and results of empirical findings on various organizations around the globe. Studies span over 10 years grounded on a thorough A bibliometric analysis study is becoming a popular approach to disclosing the drift of past investigations. [15] As mentioned by PritchardPritchard, [14] bibliometrics is "the application of mathematics and statistical methods to books and other media of communication". Bibliometric exploration also suggests a quantifiable approach, which uses scientific indicators to quantify text and details and facilitates an examination of available literature. [16][17] Additionally, it is helpful in assessing the magnitude and superiority of past literature to forecast particular research tendencies and configurations. [18] According to Cobo, MartinsCobo, Martínez, [19] bibliometric studies may postulate explanatory configurations of literature grounded on a field, region, country, time span, or any past information. In addition, a systemic bibliometric analysis method can provide further details on publication, comprising the rate of recurrence of keywords citations and, authors. [20] In bibliographic studies, a variety of indicators have been used. According to Ahmi and Nasir [15] kind of published document, authors' work, association, country, and h-index are among the most commonly examined aspects. These statistics are part of an explanatory investigation grounded on data sets provided by the selected records. Based on citations analysis several studies also present publication impact based on impact factor (IF), impact per publication (IPP), citation per publication (CPP), and co-citation. Several methods have been established to examine these bibliometric statistics, given the contemporary availability and productivity of information accessible for research periodicals. The current trend in bibliometric research is to visualize bibliometric networks. VOSviewer, for example, is a free program that can be used to build and visualize networks. Text mining features in VOSviewer may be utilized to create and see the co-occurrence of keywords retrieved from systematic information. [20]

DATA COLLECTION
The data source for this paper was taken from the Scopus database to attain the study goal. The data source comprises about 36,000 titles published by nearly 11,000 publishers and citation references primarily from peer reviews in social, physical, health, and life science. [20] The Scopus database search query of HPO or "High-Performance Organization" was applied on 15th April 2020. We received an overall 199 documents as an outcome of this query, which we will investigate further. As part of the data sets, the data has been exported in CSV and RIS formats. To examine the obtained documents, a few applications, including Microsoft Excel for data visualization VOSviewer, and for citation analysis, Harzing's Publish and Perish software were used. investigation of 290 high-performance literature sources and thus find 35 variables and five characteristics showing a positive association with competitive performance (1). "1-Continuous improvement and renewal, 2-Openness and action orientation, 3-Management quality, 4-Employee quality, 5-Long term orientation are more acknowledged by researchers," e.g. [10][11][12] High performance of the organization refers to achieving higher results over comparable organizations for a longer period of time in terms of financial goals such as profits, return on investments, or high productivity, as well as nonfinancial performance such as improved process management, improved stakeholder relationships and improved customer value in a highly competitive environment. According to De Waal, becoming high-performing is a significant aspect that increases and maintains a competitive advantage. [8] However, achieving high performance is a challenge for most organizations because of the lack of proper organizational structure, organizational culture, and the behaviors of the organizational members that are required for being exceptional to perform extraordinarily. [13] What constitutes High-Performance Organization has been determined HPO framework given by De Waal [1] however, what makes an organization HPO is still not known because becoming an HPO is heavily dependent on a multitude of factors concerning the context, trends, economic shifts, and country circumstances.
Despite increasing interest in research on high-performance organizations, there are few efforts to reveal the forecast of research, especially those that have used bibliometric methods. The research in search of excellence and specifically in high-performance organizations started in 1982 and 1984 respectively. Since then, researchers have commonly used this concept to further explore the production and unique elements that could promote a high-performance organization. The purpose of this investigation is therefore to review, using bibliometric examination, the systematic studies available in the high-performance arena. A bibliometric investigation is a quantifiable tool used to analyze the nature of information and the advancement of investigations grounded on relevant publication examinations Pritchard [14] describes bibliometrics as "the application of mathematics and statistical methods to books and other media of communication".

LITERATURE REVIEW
This segment describes the intent of carrying out a bibliometric study and will address some of the bibliometric indicators and network visualization. In the second part, the methodology used is discussed. The third section displays bibliometric indicator tests. Finally, the conclusions are summarized, areas for further research, and some shortcomings are addressed.

RESULTS AND FINDINGS
Some of the important characteristics of the data sets are offered to give an outline of the investigation of HPO. The following characteristics were assessed for all articles that met the search query: for example, abstract, citation analysis, source type, subject area, keywords, language, most active source title, and institution. [21]

Research Productivity
Research productivity, for instance, documents published per year will be examined first. Examining documents by publication year allows for tracking the trend and prominence of the research topic over time. [22] The first publication on the high-performance organization concept was published in 1984 by Strum, D.W., Coile Jr., R.C. Since then, the concept started growing in 1988, whereas between 1999 and 2006 publication growth was a bit slow. However, the numbers amplified annually, and the maximum number of publications on high-performance organizations was in 2017. The publications on high-performance organizations decreased between 2013 and 2016 ( Figure 1). Publication pattern on high-performance organizations shows that HPO is a favorite topic among academia and gaining more attention.

Document Source Type
A document form refers to a document type dependent on the originality of an article (conference articles, book chapters, etc.) and a source document type refers to the source whether the document is a newspaper, a meeting, a book show, a trade publication, or a book. Papers presented in the conference which appeared in the document type could, vary from those appearing in the source type. For instance, a document presented at a conference is recorded under document form as a conference paper. [18] Nevertheless, depending on its publication status, the same document may be recorded as a full journal article, conference proceedings, or book section by source. The publications on high-performance organizations, as defined in Table 1, are distributed in seven types of documents. As shown further, (74.37%) of the total publications were in the form of an article and accompanied by a conference paper (12.06%) review paper type of documents reflected (5.03%) of the total publication, respectively. Other document types represented less than 5 % however one of the documents is unidentified by the Scopus.
Similarly, based on the source groups as seen in Table 2, the maximum number of publications were found under the journals category representing 160 publications (80.40%) whereas conference proceedings were found second representing 20 publications (10.05%) and books source showed only 11 publications (5.53%) of 199 documents.

Document Languages
The English language is popular for publications in this research field based on Table 3. 195 documents (97.99%) of the total documents were published in English. Some of the documents were published in other languages such as Czech, French, Chinese and German languages.

Subject Area
This study further categorizes the publications concerning the subject categories as shown in Table 4. As the highperformance organization is more focused on studies related to business, management science, and social sciences it can be seen that both subject areas demonstrate 64.82% and 24.62% of the total documents respectively. Other important contributing subject categories contain engineering, economics, medicine, computer sciences, and decision sciences.

Publications by Countries
This study also assesses the number of publications produced by countries based on the author's affiliation with the institution. Overall, a total of 38 identified countries were involved in the publications on high-performance organizations. As seen in

Most Active Institutions
The contribution of the institutions related to highperformance organization research also has been included in this study, i.e. based on the top ten institutions. Table 6 shows that the Maastricht School of Management MSM has the maximum number of publications on high-performance organizations. The HPO Center becomes the second highest followed by StatMind Management Research and Development.

Authorship Analysis
This study also shows the most active authors working in high-performance organizations. Table 7 listed the top ten authors working on high performance. Based on the table, De Waal, A. Coulson-Thomas, and C. Goedegebuure, R.are among the most active authors in this area of research that publish more than 5 publications on the high-performance organization.

Keywords Analysis
The author keywords also have been mapped with the VOS viewer. Figure 2 shows a network visualization of the author keywords in which color, circle size, font size, and thickness of connecting lines were used to present the association with other keywords. [18] Based on the analysis, there are three clusters in HPO research that have been established based

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
The bibliometric analysis will be used to assess the research trend on high-performance organizations. It can estimate the efficiency of research [23] and publications in a certain research area by using this bibliometric approach. According to Qiu  on the author's keywords. The first cluster, which is colored in green is related to high-performance organizations, organizational performance, performance management, and the HPO framework. The second cluster, which is colored in red includes the keywords of leadership, organization, organization and management, organizational culture, and education.
Keywords such as organizational performance, management, industrial management, and performance support were among the most encountered author keywords Figure 2 presents a network visualization map for the keywords connecting each other based on appearance, frequency of usage in the literature, and importance, for example, high organizational performance and leadership has strong connection furthermore Table 8 lists top 20 keywords based on the network map and frequency.
As of April 20th, 2020, Table 9 summarizes the citation metrics for the publications retrieved. In 36 years (1984-2020) of high-performance organization writings, there are 1679 citations reported. Harzing's Publish and Perish software developed this citation metric by entering a RIS-formatted file from the Scopus database into the software, which then displayed the raw citation metrics.
In the meantime, Table 10 below lists the top 10 most cited articles in the database of Scopus (based on the number of times   and Lv, [24] bibliometric data may be used to estimate the performance of a certain research topic and can help researchrelated institutions govern policies such as funding allocation and comparing scientific input and output. Additionally, the findings of the bibliometric analysis will describe the contributing factors of studies in a study field and assist researchers in conducting successful investigations. [25] As a result, the focus of this study is on high-performance organization publications found in the Scopus database. Notwithstanding the unique kind of bibliometric methods, the study has flaws that should be focused to provide readers with a clear knowledge of the work and advancing forthcoming research. First, the outcomes were based just on the document title's unique keyword, i.e. HPO or "highperformance organization." As a result, the search query on other fields, such as abstract and keyword, has been left out of this analysis. The main cause for this is that most studies focusing on a specific subject will include it in the title of their documents. Some likely included a term linked to the search query in the abstract or keywords, but their research topic was likely unrelated to what the researcher was seeking. As a result, there is a lot of categorizing and cleaning to be done before the analysis can begin. It is likely that future research will be expanded into it.
It's also worth mentioning that there's no such thing as a flawless search query; as a result, false positive and negative results should be expected. [18] Finally, being the primary source of documents, this study solely utilized the Scopus database. Even though Scopus is one of the most comprehensive data sources for indexing all scholarly articles, [18][19][20][21][22] It does not cover all available sources however, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Dimensions are some of the other databases that could be used in future research. [26] Combining all of these databases will almost certainly result in more exciting and useful findings. Notwithstanding these flaws, this study has added to the body of knowledge by describing the current state of high-performance organization research. Using the bibliometric technique, this study also expands and complements empirical work on high-performance organization literature and provides valuable insights into the trend of past work.