Historica Olomucensia vol. 54 (2018), 49-68 | DOI: 10.5507/ho.2018.003

William Cecil a krize raně alžbětinské Anglie (1558-1560)

Miroslav Beneš
Letná 531, 507 91 Stará Paka, Česká republika

Britské ostrovy byly v 16. století oblastí plnou změn náboženského i politického charakteru, jejichž provázanost s mezinárodní politickou situací byla často zásadní. Spojenectví se zde utvářela stejně rychle, jako zanikala. Mocenské soupeření Anglie a Skotska nebylo ničím novým, ale imperiální tužby Jindřicha VIII. zahájily éru tudorských tažení, jejichž výsledkem však nebylo sjednocení ostrovních království pod vládu anglického krále, nýbrž mezinárodní krize sahající až k počátkům vlády královny Alžběty I. z rodu Tudorovců.
Raně novověké vazby mezi Anglií, Skotskem a Irskem se stále jeví jako oblast na okraji odborného zájmu. Z tohoto důvodu tento výzkum přináší nejen vhled do otázky anglo-skotských vztahů 16. století, ale mapuje také genezi dosud neprobádané politické vize Williama Cecila, nejbližšího poradce královny Alžběty I., který léta usiloval o sjednocení Britských ostrovů pod vládou jediného panovníka a který již v letech 1558-1560 dosáhl naprostého obratu v oblasti anglo-skotských vztahů, čímž v podstatě položil základy pro vznik anglo-skotské protestantské unie.

Keywords: William Cecil, Alžběta I., Tudorovci, Anglie 16. století, Stuartovci, Skotsko 16. století, anglická reformace, skotská reformace, anglo-skotská protestantská unie

William Cecil and the Crisis of Early Elizabethan England (1558-1560)

The British Isles in the 16th century was an area filled with religious and political changes which were often fundamentally interconnected with the international political situation. Unions were quickly made as well as cancelled. The power rivalry between England and Scotland was not new. Nevertheless, the imperial wishes of Henry VIII. started a period of Tudor campaigns, which outcome was not a unity of insular kingdoms under the reign of the English king but an the international crisis which reached the beginning of the reign of Queen Elizabeth I. Early modern relations between England, Scotland and Ireland are yet at the margin of an academic interest. The research, therefore, brings an overview of English and Scottish relations in the 16th century and maps the genesis of unexplored political vision of William Cecil, the closest adviser of Elizabeth I. He tried to unify the British Isles under the reign of a sole sovereign and he accomplished absolute turn in English and Scottish relations in the scope of years 1558-1560. By this, he factually laid the foundations for the origin of the English-Scottish protestant union.

Keywords: William Cecil, Elizabeth I, the Tudors, England in the 16th century, the Stuarts, Scotland in the 16th century, English Reformation, Scottish Reformation, English-Scottish protestant union

Published: June 11, 2018  Show citation

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Beneš, M. (2018). William Cecil and the Crisis of Early Elizabethan England (1558-1560). Historica Olomucensia, 54(vol. 54), 49-68. doi: 10.5507/ho.2018.003
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