Community Readiness in Emergency First Aid for Victims of Traffic Accidents

A traffic accident is an emergency condition that requires immediate or life-threatening help. It is important for all people to have readiness regarding initial handling/first aid quickly and precisely so that the chain of handling traffic accident victims can run properly and correctly. This research aims to find out the level of community readiness for emergency first aid for victims of traffic accidents at Jalan Raya Gapura, Sumenep Regency. This study uses a descriptive design. The population and sample of this study, namely the entire community along the edge of Jalan Raya Gapura, Braji Village, Sumenep Regency, consisting of 30 people, used a non-probability sampling technique - total sampling. The research instrument used a Type Multiple Choice Questionnaire with 10 questions. The results of the data are processed using editing, coding, scoring, tabulating. Nearly half of the respondents were in the unprepared category 14 (47%), almost half of the respondents were in the quite ready category 10 (33%), and a small proportion of respondents were in the ready category 6 (20%). Based on the results of the study, it was found that most of the community's readiness level for emergency first aid for victims of traffic accidents at Jalan Raya Gapura, Sumenep Regency, was with a less prepared level of readiness.


INTRODUCTION
Accident is an emergency condition that can happen to anyone, anytime, and anywhere who needs help quickly or immediately which is life threatening [1].A traffic accident is an unwanted event that occurs as a result of a vehicle colliding with another object, the accident victim can cause injury damage and even lead to death [2].Therefore, first aid is an action for victims of traffic accidents to avoid more severe injuries to victims before being treated directly by medical personnel.The attitude that must be shown for the community is responsiveness when a traffic accident occurs, besides that the community who is the first helper must be able to help appropriately to minimize the situation of the victim who is more severe [3].However, not many people understand first aid for accidents.In 2020, the OECD/WHO recorded around 1.25 million deaths and 20-50 million injuries that occur annually due to traffic accidents, of which 90% of cases occur in middle and low income countries [4].The Central Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Indonesia (BPS) in 2019 recorded the number of accident cases that occurred in Indonesia, namely 116,411 accident cases, where as many as 25,671 victims died, 12,475 victims suffered serious injuries, and 137,342 victims suffered minor injuries [5].In 2021 the number of traffic accidents that occurred in Indonesia was 5,350 cases, of which 452 people died, 6,390 cases suffered minor injuries, and 6 cases suffered serious injuries, which were caused by traffic accidents and could suffer material losses of Rp. 2,393,687.00[6].The Sumenep Police Headquarters (Head of Traffic Accident Unit of the Sumenep Police) recorded 322 traffic accidents in Sumenep Regency in 2022, of which 63 people died, 13 people were seriously injured, and 440 people were slightly injured.And can experience a loss of IDR 1,152,850,000.As for the number of traffic accidents at Jalan Raya Gapura, Sumenep Regency, in 2022 there are 12 incidents of accidents, of which 3 people died, and 140 were lightly injured (Head of Laka Traffic Unit of the Sumenep Police).Traffic accidents can usually cause musculoskeletal injuries, which are conditions that can interfere with the function of ligaments, tendons, muscles, bones, joints, and even nerves.So treatment or help is needed quickly and precisely, if handled incorrectly or inaccurately it can lead to further complications, such as nerve and blood vessel damage, infection, and can result in further soft tissue damage [7].Errors in first aid are not only related to technical matters, but are related to the accuracy of action, speed or readiness for help, including the level of success in performing first aid for traffic accident victims.Victims who are wrong during first aid will cause further injury to victims and can increase difficulties during further treatment at the hospital.In addition, mistakes during initial aid for victims will cause cervical modifications so that the possibility of causing death is even greater.So far, not many people have realized that the initial rescue of victims of traffic accidents is very important when viewed in terms of the initial handling time.In order for the chain of handling traffic accident victims to run properly and correctly, every member of the public should have the knowledge and readiness about handling emergencies.Community knowledge in providing first aid about the importance of readiness and accuracy for traffic accidents is very important for all people to have, therefore researchers are interested in further researching the level of community readiness in emergency first aid for traffic accidents at Jalan Raya Gapura, Sumenep Regency

METHOD
This study uses a descriptive research design.The variable of this research is the community's readiness for emergency first aid for victims of traffic accidents at Jalan Raya Gapura, Sumenep Regency.All members of the population were taken as samples, namely as many as 30 people who lives along the road at Jalan Raya Gapura, Sumenep Regency.with the sampling technique using Non-probability -Total sampling.1 explained that the respondents were based on gender, all respondents were male (100%), and none of the respondents were female (0%).3 it was explained that respondents based on their last education, a small proportion had primary and secondary education (3%), and almost half had high school and undergraduate education (47%).4 explained that respondents based on occupation, a small number did not work as much (3%), and a small number as farmers (13%), most worked as entrepreneurs (53%), and almost half worked as civil servants / military / police 30%).5 it was explained that the readiness of the community in first aid for traffic accident victims, almost half of the respondents were in the unprepared category (47%), and quite ready (33%), while the respondents who were in the ready category were only a small portion (20%) .

Custom Data
The results of this study indicate that the community's readiness for first aid for traffic accident victims at Jalan Raya Gapura, Braji Village, Sumenep Regency shows that most of the total respondents are categorized as unprepared.From the results of the questionnaire most people's attitudes in giving first aid in the event of a traffic accident are panic and even fear in helping accident victims, even the community just helps without paying attention to the victim's condition first and provides assistance not in accordance with the conditions experienced by the victim.Errors in performing first aid are not only related to technical matters, but the accuracy of action, speed or readiness in time for help, including the level of success in performing first aid for traffic accident victims, not just providing assistance quickly but also precisely so as not to add to more serious injuries.on victims and the victim handling chain can run well.Many victims of traffic accidents do not get first aid properly because of the low level of public knowledge about first aid.Knowledge here has a big influence on someone doing good and right actions, many factors can influence one's knowledge such as educational factors and sociocultural factors [8,9].The results of this study indicate that most people already understand about the next steps to be taken after providing first aid at the scene, namely by evacuating or referring to health care centers such as health centers and hospitals.Almost all of the people who were respondents already understood the purpose of carrying out an evacuation, namely to provide more intensive or more competent action on victims.Evacuation or transfer of victims is a method used to save victims to a safer place.By moving the victim it will help in the process of handling the victim.In evacuating victims do not add new injuries to victims.The principles of victim evacuation must be observed, such as if the victim is referred if he is in a stable condition and does not add to any new injuries [10].

RESULTS
Most of the people along Jalan Raya Gapura, Braji Village, Sumenep Regency, are less prepared to provide emergency first aid for traffic accident victims.
Nurse can be empower the community to improve about first aid skills for accident victims.
The research instrument used a multiple choice type questionnaire.Validity and reliability tests have been carried out for this instrument, and 10 questions of 17 questions have been obtained the requirements.Data analysis uses percentage calculations.When the research was conducted on February 17, 2023

Table 2
Characteristics of respondents based on age.

Table 3
Characteristics of respondents based on recent education.

Table 4
Characteristics of respondents based on work.