conglom-Shallow intrusive volcanic rocks on Mt. Raduha, Savinja-Kamnik Alps, Northern Slovenia

Volcanic rocks occurring in Ladinian (?) marls, interstratified with limestone (Sol~ava beds), at Grohat Alpine Meadow and Lipni plaz, Mt. Raduha, are shallow intrusives bodies with porphyric structure, and basaltic andesitic, acid andesitic and dacitic composition. Abundance of major oxides and trace elements in the studied rocks is similar to those observed in the Tertiary Smrekovec volcanic rocks suggesting contemporaneous formation and close genetic relationship.

Both, carbonate rocks and intrusive volcanic bodies have very similar dip towards the South-East (140/40). Location 1 is newly discovered, location 2 is marked only on Working map in the scale 1:25000 for Basic geological map of SFRJ, scale 1:100000, Sheet Ravne na Koro{kem (M i o~ & @ n i d a r~i1 983) as Oligocene tuffs and tuffites lying discordantly on Lower Triassic rocks. The same geological situation is presented on location 3.
East and South-East of the studied sites, in a distance less than 6 km, Tertiary Smrekovec volcanic complex occurs. It is composed of lavas and shallow intrusive bodies of andesitic and dacitic composition (K r a l j , 1986), and extensive volcaniclastic deposits. Isolated outcrops of basal Tertiary conglom-erates overlie discordantly Upper Triassic limestone and were found on the top of Mt. Raduha. In the Durce area near by, there are tuffs and tuffites lying on Tertiary conglomerates (C e l a r c , current research) Stanko Buser (personal communication) believes the presented volcanics are Ladinian sills and dykes, similar to those found in the Jezersko area (B u s e r & C a j h e n 1977). Another possibility is, that volcanic rocks are of Tertiary age and are genetically related to Smrekovec volcanic complex. The distance is small, especially if Mt. Raduha is not thrusted. In this contribution, geochemical and petrological characteristics of shal-low intrusive volcanic rocks at Grohat and Lipni plaz are presented, and the idea of their origin discussed.

Petrography and chemical composition
The samples from Mt. Grohat and Lipni plaz are very similar according to petrological characteristics, and they closely resemble the Smrekovec coherent volcanic rocks ( K r a l j , 1996). They are plagioclase-magnetite vitrophyres which consists of glassy groundmass, phenocrysts, microphenocrysts and microlites (Plate 1 - Fig. 3, 4). Seriate texture is commonly observed. Phenocrysts are plagioclases, twinned and zoned, and extensively replaced by albite, less commonly to calcite and a filosilicate mineral, most probably interlayered chlorite/smectite. Glassy groundmass is devitrified and commonly replaced by authigenic albite, microcrystalline quartz and yellowish-green filosilicate minerals. Magnetite occurs as microphenocryst and some ten µm sized xenomorphic grains, dispersed throughout the rock.
The sample taken at Je' (location 3), along the road from Spodnje Sleme to the Bistra Valley, is just a fragment in a weathered rock and was not analysed chemically. The rock is probably an altered peperite (Plate 1 - Fig. 5,6).
Chemical composition of the studied shallow volcanic rocks is shown in Table 1. At a glance, the rocks can be classified according to the silica content as andesites and dacite. Yet, a closer view to the ignition loss and high calcium and sodium content reveals the influence of rock alteration, particularly calcitisation and albitisation of the primary constituents. In the silica-total alkali diagram (L e B a s e t a l . 1986), the studied shallow intrusive rocks fall in the fields of basaltic trachyandesite, andesite and dacite ( fig. 2). Based on classification using immobile elements Zr/ TiO2 -SiO2 (W i n c h e s t e r & F l o y d 1979), the rocks are andesites and dacite ( fig.3), close to Tertiary volcanic rocks from the Smrekovec, Roga{ka Slatina and Rogatec areas. Based on the diagram of K2O/SiO2 contents after E w a r t (1979), the rock samples belong to calc-alkaline basaltic andesites, acid andesites and dacites.
In general, variations of trace elements and some of their ratios (table 2) are well in the variation span of orogenic andesites (G i l l 1981), dacites (E w a r t 1979), Tertiary volcanic rocks from the Smrekovec, Roga{ka Slatina and Rogatec areas (K r a l j , 1996; this volume), and South Pannonian basin (P a m i } & B a l e n 2001). One outstanding exception is lithium, which is much higher than expected for andesites and dacites, although still in the variation span for dacites. We believe that lithium could originate from the action of deuteric fluids or partial incorporation of the enclosing marl in to magma during its emplacement to the host rock. Rubidium is relatively low with respect to the data for dacites (E w a r t 1979), but closer to the data of P a m i } & B a l e n (2001) for andesite formations in South Pannonian basin. Barium is low, too. Both, low rubidium and barium could be related to alteration of plagioclase feldspars. On the other hand, strontium is very high and suggests that it could be partially derived from an external source, probably carbonate. Zirconium, zinc and rare earth elements (REE) with yttrium are well in the variation span for andesites and dacites. Chondrite  . Very small negative cerium and europium anomalies can be observed. The REE plots are similar to those observed for the Smrekovec volcanics (K r a l j , 1 9 9 6 ) and acid andesite from Zagaj at Roga{ka Slatina (K r a l j , this volume).
In the Ce -Ce/Y diagram, volcanic rocks from Mt. Raduha are well aligned in the line for the Smrekovec volcanic rocks, and are different than acid andesite from Zagaj at Roga{ka Slatina and dacite from Trli~no at Rogatec ( fig. 5).
nic rocks. Magmas seem to be emplaced in Ladinian (?) slaty marls during the Smrekovec volcanic activity owing to their week mechanical resistence and probably increasing lithostatic pressure. Shallow intrusives underwent alteration. In the early stage, it was very possibly related to the activity of deuteric fluids and is reflected in albitisation of plagioclases and somewhat higher sodium content than expected from the silica content. Late-stage alteration possibly involved calcitisation and the formation of clay minerals.
Abundance of compatible trace elements Cu and Ni is low with respect to the data for dacites (E w a r t 1979). Copper is low in comparison with the Smrekovec volcanics, too, but very close to the abundance observed in the lava from Trli~no at Rogatec. Nickel is in the same variation range as in the Smrekovec, Roga{ka Slatina and Rogatec volcanic rocks.

Conclusions
Shallow intrusive volcanic rocks from NW flanks of Mt. Raduha are classified as low potassium, calc-alkaline andesites and dacite. Trace element variations are consistent with the variation span for andesites (G i l l 1981) and dacites (E w a r t 1979) and are comparable with those observed in the Smrekovec, Roga{ka Slatina and Rogatec volca-