Null Subjects in European and Brazilian Portuguese

Abstract

The goals of this paper are twofold: a) to provide a structural account of the effects of the informal ‘Avoid Pronoun Principle’, proposed in Chomsky (1981: 65) for the Null Subject Languages (NSLs), and b) to compare, in European and Brazilian Portuguese (EP and BP), the distribution of the third person pronouns in its full and null forms, to check whether in written corpora BP incorporates signs of the ongoing loss of the null subject, largely attested in its contemporary spoken language. The strong theoretical claim is that in the Romance non-NSLs the pre-verbal subject is sitting in Spec of IP, while in the Romance NSLs it is Clitic Left-Dislocated (or is extracted by A-bar movement if it belongs to a restricted set of non-referential quantified expressions). The paper provides quantitative evidence that BP is losing the properties associated with the Null Subject Parameter. In its qualitative analysis, it shows that the contrasts between EP and BP are easily accounted for if the two derivations are assumed and if the null subjects in the two varieties are considered to be of a different nature: a pronoun in EP and a pronominal anaphor in BP.

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Barbosa, P., Duarte, M. & Kato, M., (2005) “Null Subjects in European and Brazilian Portuguese”, Journal of Portuguese Linguistics 4(2), 11-52. doi: https://doi.org/10.5334/jpl.158

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Authors

Pilar Barbosa (Dept. Estudos Portugueses, Universidade do Minho Campus de Gualter, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal)
Maria Eugênia L. Duarte (Dept. de Letras Vernáculas, Faculdade de Letras Univ. Fed. do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Univ. Ilha do Fundão, 21941-590 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil)
Mary Aizawa Kato (Dept. de Lingüística, Inst. de Estudos da Linguagem Univ. Estadual de Campinas, Cidade Univ. Zeferino Vaz 13084-100 Campinas, SP, Brasil)

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