NURSING MANAGEMENT IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE BREAST SURGERY

Human beings are holistic entities with biopsychosocial aspects. Any intervention targeting one aspect of this whole has an impact on the individual's physical, psychological, and social well-being. Physical health and beauty hold great importance for individuals throughout history. Plastic reconstructive surgery involves the surgical treatment of congenital or acquired deformities affecting almost all externally visible parts of the human body, as well as the repair of open wounds, reattachment of severed parts, reconstruction of missing parts, and treatment of tumors located in the skin and subcutaneous tissue. It also includes various aesthetic surgical procedures aimed at enhancing appearance, commonly known as aesthetic or plastic surgery. While each surgical procedure presents its own unique challenges, interventions that alter physiological functions and disrupt body integrity, ultimately affecting one's lifestyle, can threaten body image and self-esteem. articularly after breast surgery, both psychological and physiological issues may arise. In addressing these problems and preserving the biopsychosocial integrity of the patient, the role of nurses is crucial. The postoperative care of individuals should adopt a holistic approach and involve both the individual and their family. Care for individuals undergoing surgery should be planned in three stages: preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative care. The implementation of care designed to facilitate the return of individuals to their normal lives should be personalized and tailored to the specific needs of each patient. Therefore, nurses should assess patients individually and plan nursing care accordingly, encompassing the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative phases.