GEORGIAN VOCABULARI IN THE DICTIONARY OF THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE

The penetration of Georgian words into the Russian language is the sign of the close interconnection of these languages. When creating their works about the past and present of Georgia writers, poets and journalists include the Georgian lexical units excessively: not only to create the local atmosphere, but sometimes it is impossible to depict certain realia otherwise. Most scientists consider borrowings to be only the units recorded in explanatory dictionaries of the recipient language. If we accept this as the only criteria, then the number of the Georgian borrowings given in the dictionaries is rather limited. However, the fact of being recorded in dictionaries cannot be the counter of the real number of borrowings, as dictionaries always stay behind the changes and shifts ongoing in the language. How many Georgian words are actually recorded in the Russian explanatory dictionaries and what semantic area do they cover? Excluding the ethnical names of Georgians, such as аджарец – аджарка, гуриец – гурийка, имеретин – имеретинка, кахетинец – кахетинка, etc. the number of Georgian words recorded by various explanatory dictionaries and marked as ‘Georgian’ does not exceed twenty units: боржоми (боржом), мацони, чача, цинандали, саперави, ткемали, харчо, чанахи, чахохбили, сациви, чурчхела, хачапури, сулгуни, мцыри, сакля, тамада, шампур, цхра, тари, чонгури (Dictionary by S.I.Ozhegov, dictionary edited by D.N.Ushakov, Explanatory Dictionary by V.I.Dal, Large Academic Dictionary, Small Academic Dictionary). The list above shows that the Georgian words that have entered the Russian language mainly represent the exotic lexical units reflecting the daily customs and specific features of the Georgian nation. These words are untranslatable or when being translated into Russian lose certain flair of the semantic content. They enrich the vocabulary of the Russian language and enhance its expressive means. The Article is about the intervention of Georgian vocabulary in the explanatory Dictionary of Russian language.