Published July 10, 2018
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Antixenotic and allelochemical resistance traits of ber (Ziziphus mauritiana) against stone weevil, Aubeus himalayanus in hot arid region of India
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Plants possess different antixenotic and allelochemical properties, which resultantly induce in them different mechanisms of resistance. The ber varieties/ genotypes Kali, Katha, Illaichi and Tikadi were found to be resistant; Akharota, Dandan, Gola, Goma Kirti, Sanaur-1, Seb, Umran and ZG-3 moderately resistant; Badami, Banarasi Karaka, Gularvasi, Jogia, Kaithli, Mundia, Reshmi, Sanaur-3, Thar Bhubhraj, Thar Sevika and Thornless susceptible and Banarsi Pebandi, Chhuhara, Sanaur-2, Sanaur-4 and Sanaur-5 highly susceptible varieties/ genotypes against stone weevil. The fruit infestation ranged from 8.80 to 49.44 % on retained fruits and 13.31 to 73.77% on dropped fruits. Tannins, phenols, alkaloids and flavonoids contents had significant negative correlations (P = 0.01) with the percentage fruit infestation on retained fruits and the fallen fruits. The pulp: stone ratio was having significant positive correlations (P= 0.01) with percent fruit infestation on retained and the dropped fruits. Two principal components (PCs) were extracted with eigen value =1.0, after varimax rotation with Kaiser normalization procedure which converged in three iterations. The extraction communalities for all the variables tested were = 0.5 indicating that the variables were well represented by the extracted PCs which together explained a cumulative variation of 90.75 %. PC1 explained 70.74 % of the variation while PC2 explained 20.01 % of variation. PC1 had the loadings for flavonoid content (0.91), tannins content (0.71), total alkaloid (0.93) and phenols content (0.95). Pulp: stone ratio of different varieties/ genotypes of ber (0.96) were loaded in PC2.
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