Heteragrion calafatiensis Mendoza-Penagos & Juen & Vilela 2022, sp. nov.

Heteragrion calafatiensis sp. nov. Mendoza-Penagos, Juen & Vilela, 2022

(Figs. 1, 2a–d)

Holotype. ♂ (C1523), Brazil, Pará, Municipality of Magalhães Barata, way to Calafate village, near to the Marapanim River, (-0.863291, -47.668058), 20 m, 26.ix.2021, C.C. Mendoza-Penagos leg., UFPA.

Etymology. Named calafatiensis (adjective) in reference to the village of Calafate (type locality) in the Northeastern region of Pará state.

Description of holotype

Head (Figs. 1, 2a). Eyes yellow; labium and labrum brown; base of mandibles and genae pale, apex of mandibles black; antefrons pale yellow; vertex and remainder of head black, except for a curved pale yellow stripe connecting lateral ocelli with the antennae.

Thorax (Figs. 1, 2b). Prothorax mostly yellow, lighter-colored laterally, with darker tones on dorsal areas: one brown stripe on each side of midline and another medial one; hind lobe rounded, mostly dark brown with yellow lateral stripes. Pterothorax with a black middorsal carina, and a thin pale yellow humeral stripe; mesepisternum mostly orange with a dark posterior spot; mesopleural suture pale yellow; mesepimeron dark orange; upper half of metepisternum pale yellow, remainder orange; remainder of pterothorax pale, except for a thin orange stripe on metepimeron. Coxae and trochanter pale yellow; femora alternating pale yellow and dark brown areas; tibiae brown; tarsi dark brown.

Wings (Fig. 1). Hyaline, almost reaching S6 when closed; venation black, Pt dark brown; Pt overlying 3 cells in all wings, oblique proximally; 2 Pq cells in all wings; 18 Px in FW, 16 Px in HW.

Abdomen (Fig. 1a). S1 pale yellow, with darker tones laterally and dorsally; S2 black dorsally, pale yellow laterally; S3–6 black with medially interrupted pale yellow basal rings and pale yellow medial stripes; S7 black with a thick medially interrupted pale yellow basal ring and a roughly quadrangular spot medially; S8–9 mostly black, pale yellow areas laterally; S10 orange laterally, with black borders and black dorsum.

Anal appendages (Figs. 2c–d). Cercus dark brown with darker coloration especially on apex, carinas and spines; ventrobasal expansion absent; MP rounded, platelike morphology, rounded apex; ScP forming a small ridge bearing 4–5 denticles. Paraprocts pale yellow, posteriorly oriented, not reaching 1/2 of cercus, acute apex.

Measurements. FW 21.6; HW 20.9; Abdomen 32.3; Total 39.6.

Female. Unknown.

Differential diagnosis. Heteragrion calafatiensis sp. nov. belongs to Heteragrion Group B (sensu Lencioni 2013), in which males possess an elongated paraproct. The morphologically closest species to H. calafatiensis is H. chlorotaeniatum De Marmels, 1989, and those two species can be separated by the following character combination (H. chlorotaeniatum in parentheses): VbA absent (VbA present, Fig. 2f), MP (Fig. 2c) with rounded apex (MP with acute apex, Fig. 2e), ScP forming a small ridge bearing 4–5 denticles (Fig. 2c) in a single row (ScP forming a curved ridge bearing several teeth in a single row, Fig. 2e), paraprocts (Fig. 2d) posteriorly oriented (paraprocts dorsally oriented, Fig. 2f).

Habitat and Ecology. The new species was found around 10:30 am, perched approximately 2 m high, on the branches that come off shrubs in a ravine along the banks of a small stream, in an Upland Forest shady area (Fig. 3). Upland Forests are forests that develop in areas not subjected to flooding due to their location, mostly in higher regions of the Amazon relief (Vicentini 2001). The weather conditions on the collection day were very sunny, despite the little sun on the collection site. The vegetation is dominated by shrubs and medium-sized trees in that location. The stream bottom is mainly composed of sand and grass, clear water and a maximum depth of 10 cm. Upstream, the environment in Calafate consists of a first-order stream (narrower than 1m) with slow current, with an open area in full sunlight, forming a small pool (approximately 80–90 cm deep) with several macrophyte individuals. This portion of the stream is inhabited mainly by species from lentic environments such as: Acanthagrion kennedii Williamson, 1916, Erythrodiplax castanea (Burmeister, 1839), Micrathyria sp., Orthemis discolor (Burmeister, 1839) and Perithemis thais Kirby, 1889.