Ophrys L. 1753
Creators
Description
30.Ophrys L.1
Tubers 2(-3), globose or ovoid, entire. Leaves usually in a basal rosette, sometimes also present on stem. Perianth-segments more or less patent, unequal; outer oblong or ovate, obtuse; inner lateral smaller, often hairy. Labellum entire to 3-lobed, often convex and gibbous, sometimes with an apical appendage which is often deflexed, glabrous or velutinous, variably marked, with usually glabrous central area (speculum); spur absent. Rostellum minute. Viscidia in 2 simple bursicles.
Many species of Ophrys can cross to produce hybrids, which are often fertile, and most interspecific combinations have been reported, although generally not as often as might be expected from the frequency with which 2 or more species occur sym-
patrically. This has been attributed to the high fidelity to particu lar Ophrys species of the pollinating bees and wasps. Neverthe less, certain species, especially 1 -6 and 15-20, seem to hybridize more than others and there is clear evidence that some crosses (3x4, 6x9, 15 x 16) can give rise to fertile hybrid swarms and even stabilized hybrid segregates, sometimes involving intro- gression, which are eco-geographically and reproductively differentiated from their parents.
Literature: H. Baumann, Orchidee 26: 132-140, 222-230 (1975). O. & E. Danesch, Ophrys -Hybriden. Bern. 1972. O. & E. Danesch, F. & K. Ehrendorfer, PI. Syst. Evol. 124: 79- 123 (1975). P. Gölz & H. Reinard, Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 85: 31-56 (1975). E. Nelson, Gestaltwandel und Artbildung, erötert am Beispiel der Orchidaceen Europas und der Mittelmeerländer mit einer Monographie und Ikonographie der Gattung Ophrys. Chernex-Montreux. 1962. R. von Soö, Acta Bot. Acad. Sei. Hung. 5:437-471 (1959); 16: 373-392 (1970); 18: 379-384 (1973). H. Sundermann, Jahresb. Naturw. Ver. Wuppertal 19: 9-17, 63- 70 (1964). W. Vöth & F. Ehrendorfer, PI. Syst. Evol. 124: 279-290 (1976).
1 Anther-connective obtuse
2 Inner perianth-segments white, yellowish or green
3 Labellum with flat margin, and a yellow, glabrous or hairy marginal zone 3.lutea
3 Labellum with ± deflexed margin, and a velutinous, some
times yellow, marginal zone
4 Inner perianth-segments green; labellum 13-23 mm 4.fusca
4 Inner perianth-segments white to pale green; labellum 7-9 mm 5.pallida
2 Inner perianth-segments purplish or blackish-violet, at least at base
5 Labellum deeply 3-lobed, the lateral lobes gibbous and deflexed so that the labellum appears globose-inflated 20.bombyliflora
5 Labellum entire to deeply 3-lobed, the lateral lobes not gibbous or deflexed
6 Outer perianth-segments purplish; labellum entire, rarely slightly 3-lobed 18.tenthredinifera
6 Outer perianth-segments green or yellowish; labellum distinctly 3-lobed
7 Inner perianth-segments linear, velutinous; middle lobe of labellum deeply emarginate or 2-lobed; speculum small, pale bluish-violet 1.insectifera
7 Inner perianth-segments ovate to lanceolate, hairy; middle lobe of labellum entire or slightly emarginate; speculum large, blue, with yellow margin 2.speculum
1 Anther-connective acute or acuminate
8 Lateral lobes of labellum with basal protuberances; specu lum usually with a whitish or yellowish margin
9 Outer perianth-segments green
10 Labellum entire
11 Speculum without a coloured margin; inner perianth- segments at least 1 /2as long as the outer 6.sphegodes
11 Speculum with a whitish, yellowish or greenish margin; inner perianth-segments 3—5- as long as the outer 16.fuciflora
10 Labellum 3-lobed
12 Lateral lobes of labellum glabrous
13 Speculum without a marginal zone; labellum 5-15(-17) mm 6.sphegodes
13 Speculum with a white marginal zone; labellum 10—13 (-15) mm 7.spruneri
12 Lateral lobes of labellum hairy
14 Labellum blackish-purple; speculum H-shaped, scutelliform or of small spots, white or bluish, with white margin 13.cretica
14 Labellum brown; speculum scutelliform, blue or dark brownish-violet, with yellow margin 14.carmeli
1 By R. de Soö.
9 Outer perianth-segments pink or purplish
15 Inner perianth-segments f as long as the outer; speculum crescentic, without a coloured margin 10.lunulata
15 Inner perianth-segments usually up to 1 /2 as long as the outer; speculum not crescentic, with a whitish or yellowish margin
16 Labellum entire or subentire
17 Basal protuberances of the labellum up to 3 mm; appendage of the labellum large, 3-dentate 16.fuciflora
17 Basal protuberances of the labellum short, inconspic uous; appendage of the labellum small 17.arachnitiformis
16 Labellum 3-lobed
18 Outer perianth-segments (8-) 10-15 mm; appendage of labellum long or absent; margin of speculum yellow 19.apifera
18 Outer perianth-segments 8-10(-12)mm; appendage of labellum short
19 Inner perianth-segments i as long as the outer; margin of speculum white 13.cretica
19 Inner perianth-segments y-j as long as the outer; margin of speculum whitish or yellow 15.scolopax
8 Lateral lobes of labellum without basal protuberances; speculum with or without a coloured margin
20 Labellum entire
21 Outer perianth-segments green
22 Speculum with whitish, greenish or yellow margin 16.fuciflora
22 Speculum without a coloured margin
23 Labellum 5-15(-17)mm, without appendage; specu lum usually H-shaped 6.sphegodes
23 Labellum 10-12 mm, with appendage; speculum horseshoe-shaped, scutelliform or of 2 parallel lines 8.ferrum-equinum
21 Outer perianth-segments pinkish or purplish
24 Speculum without coloured margin
25 Speculum horseshoe-shaped, scutelliform or of 2 parallel lines; labellum not curved upwards anteriorly 8.ferrum-equinum
25 Speculum usually scutelliform; labellum ±curved up wards anteriorly 9.bertolonii
24 Speculum with whitish, greenish or yellow margin
26 Inner perianth-segments at least $ as long as the outer; labellum suborbicular to ovate 11.argolica
26 Inner perianth-segments -j—j as long as the outer; labellum ovate to transversely elliptical 16.fuciflora
20 Labellum 3-lobed
27 Inner perianth-segments at least f as long as the outer; speculum crescentic 10.lunulata
27 Inner perianth-segments c. %as long as the outer; specu lum not crescentic
28 Inner perianth-segments glabrous or papillose
29 Speculum with white margin 7.spruneri
29 Speculum without white margin
30 Basal leaves obtuse; inner perianth-segments greenish or brownish-red; labellum usually without an appendage 6.sphegodes
30 Basal leaves acute; inner perianth-segments purple or pink; labellum with an appendage 8.feirum-equinum
28 Inner perianth-segments hairy
31 Speculum of 2 thick, comma-shaped lines and 2 spots 12.reinholdii
31 Speculum H-shaped (the cross-line sometimes absent), scutelliform or of 1 line or spot
32 Outer perianth-segments purple or lilac; speculum with white margin 11.argolica
32 Outer perianth-segments green or greenish-purple
33 Speculum without white margin 6.sphegodes
33 Speculum with white margin 7.spruneri1
Notes
Files
Files
(7.8 kB)
Name | Size | Download all |
---|---|---|
md5:b0db80652b22e03cdfe3bea2ed9aa3bb
|
7.8 kB | Download |
System files
(24.0 kB)
Name | Size | Download all |
---|---|---|
md5:cd2e424fe2bd29d7dfd4e54dca963c3c
|
24.0 kB | Download |
Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Related works
- Is part of
- Book chapter: 10.5281/zenodo.215522 (DOI)
- Book chapter: http://publication.plazi.org/id/AF0D685FFF9FFF9D6B0CFFECFFF8FF80 (URL)
Biodiversity
- Family
- Orchidaceae
- Genus
- Ophrys
- Kingdom
- Plantae
- Order
- Asparagales
- Phylum
- Tracheophyta
- Scientific name authorship
- L.
- Taxon rank
- genus
- Taxonomic concept label
- Ophrys L., 1753 sec. Moore, 1980