Dicoryne conferta Alder 1856
Description
Dicoryne conferta (Alder, 1856)
Fig. 4 A–C
See Schuchert (2007) for a complete synonymy.
Material examined. HCUS-S 0 0 4 (Hydrozoa Collection, University of Salento—fauna of the Salento Peninsula).
Description (after Stechow 1919; Millard 1975; Schuchert 2001a, 2007, 2012):
Hydroid. Hydrorhiza as reticulate stolons from which stems arise, covered with perisarc; colony erect, up to a maximum height of 25 mm; hydrocauli monosiphonic, unbranched or irregularly branched, increasing in diameter from base to distal end, covered with thick perisarc (wrinkled especially at base) variably continued or not on hydranth body as pseudohydrotheca; hydrocladia branching at acute angles from stem; hydranths fusiform, terminal on hydrocaulus or hydrocladia; hypostome conical; with one whorl of 10–16 filiform tentacles; pseudohydrotheca, when present, usually short, only covering basal part of the hydranth; gonophores borne on blastostyles arising on stem or on hydrorhiza as modified polyps without mouth or tentacles but with a long and extensile hypostome with cnidocysts; colonies dioecious. Colour: perisarc brown.
Swimming gonophores: as sporosacs, in a dense cluster below hypostome, ciliated with 2 basal tentacles; females containing 2 eggs.
Cnidome. Large microbasic euryteles, only on tip of blastostyles; smaller microbasic euryteles; desmonemes, only on tentacles on gastrozooids.
Habitat type and substrate. Occurring on mollusc shells (Murex, Cerithium vulgatum), usually in depths of 5–300 m (Motz-Kossowska 1905; Stechow 1919).
Seasonality. Spring-autumn in the Mediterranean Sea (Stechow 1919; Schuchert 2007).
Reproductive period. Summer and autumn (Schuchert 2007).
Distribution. North Atlantic from Arctic to the Mediterranean (Sars 1874; Hincks 1868; Allman 1872; Hartlaub 1894; Motz-Kossowska 1905; Jäderholm 1909; Robson 1914; Broch 1916; Schuchert 2001a, 2007; Vervoort 1946, 1985; Leloup 1947; Picard 1958a; Naumov 1969; Rees & Rowe 1969; Christiansen 1972; Medel & López-González 1996; Calder 2003; Bouillon et al. 2004); also recorded from South Africa (Millard 1975).
Records in Salento. Rare at Otranto (Ventura 2011).
Remarks. For a reliable identification of Dicoryne species, either released sporosacs or female sporosacs on the gonozooid must be examined (Schuchert 2001a, 2007).
References. Motz-Kossowska (1905), Broch (1916) as Bougainvillia conferta; Stechow (1919), Millard (1975), Altuna (1994), Medel & López-González (1996), Schuchert (2001a, 2007, 2012), Bouillon et al. (2004).
Notes
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Family
- Bougainvilliidae
- Genus
- Dicoryne
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Order
- Anthoathecata
- Phylum
- Cnidaria
- Scientific name authorship
- Alder
- Species
- conferta
- Taxon rank
- species
- Taxonomic concept label
- Dicoryne conferta Alder, 1856 sec. Gravili, Vito, Camillo, Martell, Piraino & Boero, 2015
References
- Stechow, E. (1919) Zur Kenntnis der Hydroidenfauna des Mittelmeeres, Amerikas und anderer Gebiete, nebst Angaben uber einige Kirchenpauersche Typen von Plumulariden. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abeilung fur Systematik, 42 (1), 1 - 172.
- Millard, N. A. H. (1975) Monograph on the Hydroida of southern Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 68, 1 - 513.
- Schuchert, P. (2001 a) Hydroids of Greenland and Iceland (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa). Meddelelser om Gronland, Bioscience, 53, 1 - 184.
- Motz-Kossowska, S. (1905) Contribution a la connaissance des hydraires de la Mediterranee occidentale. I. - Hydraires Gymnoblastiques. Archives de Zoologie Experimentale et Generale, Serie 4, 3, 39 - 98.
- Sars, G. O. (1874) Bidrag til Kundskaben om Norges Hydroider. Forhandelinger i Videnskabs-Selskabet i Kristiana, 1873, 91 - 150.
- Hincks, Th. (1868) The History of the British hydroid zoophytes. Vol. 1 & 2. John Van Voorst, London, 338 pp. & 67 pls. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 1322
- Allman, G. J. (1872) A monograph of the gymnoblastic or tubularian hydroids. Conclusion of part I, and part II, containing descriptions of the genera and species of the Gymnoblastea. Ray Society, London, 296 pp. pls. 1 - 23. [pp. 155 - 450].
- Hartlaub, C. (1894) Die Coelenteraten Helgolands. Vorlaufiger Bericht. Wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen n. ser. (1), 161 - 206.
- Jaderholm, E. (1909) Northern and arctic invertebrates in the collection of the Swedish state museum (Riksmuseum). IV Hydroiden. Bihang till Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, 45 (1), 1 - 24.
- Robson, J. H. (1914) Catalogue of the Hydrozoa of the north-east coast (Northumberland and Durham). Report of the Dove marine Laboratory, New Series, 3, 87 - 103.
- Broch, H. (1916) Hydroida. (Part I). Danish Ingolf Expedition, 5 (6), 1 - 66.
- Vervoort, W. (1946) Hydrozoa (C 1) A. Hydropolypen. Fauna van Nederland, 14, 1 - 336.
- Leloup, E. (1947) Les Coelenteres de la faune Belge. Leur bibliographie et leur distribution. Memoires du Musee royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique, 107, 1 - 73.
- Picard, J. (1958 a) Origines et affinites de la faune d'hydropolypes (Gymnoblastes et Calyptoblastes) et d'hydromeduses (Anthomeduses et Leptomeduses) de la Mediterranee. Rapports et proces verbaux des Reunions de la Commission Internationale pour l'Exploration Scientifique de la Mer Mediterranee Monaco, 14, 187 - 199.
- Naumov, D. V. (1969) Hydroids and Hydromedusae of the USSR. Jerusalem: Israel Program for Scientific Translation, i - vi, 631 pp., 30 pls.
- Rees, W. J. & Rowe, M. (1969) Hydroids of the Swedish west coast. Acta regiae Societatis scientiarum et litterarum Gothoburgensis. Zoologica, 3, 1 - 23.
- Christiansen, B. O. (1972) The hydroid fauna of the Oslo Fjord in Norway. Norwegian Journal of Zoology, 20 (4), 279 - 310.
- Medel, M. D. & Lopez-Gonzalez, P. J. (1996) Updated catalogue of the Hydrozoans from the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands with remarks on zoogeography and affinities. Scientia Marina, 60 (1), 183 - 209.
- Ventura, P. (2011) Comparison between hydroid fauna of Porto Cesareo (Ionian Sea) and Otranto (Adriatic Sea). Master thesis submitted for the partial fulfillment of the title of Master of Science in Marine Biodiversity and Conservation within the ERASMUS MUNDUS Master Programme EMBC. [unknown pagination]