Main P-REX deliverables

The P-REX project built on the outputs of previous European research projects and performed the first holistic large scale evaluation of innovative and available phosphorus recovery technologies using municipal sewage sludge or ashes from mono-incineration in comparison with traditional phosphorus recycling by land application of sewage sludge. Its duration was 36 months starting 01/09/2012. The technical, operational and economic data as well as comprehensive eco-toxicological and plant-availability assessments provided the basis of comprehensive life cycle assessment and life cycle costing of phosphorus recovery processes and the agricultural valorisation route of the recovered materials. Complementing a market analysis, a policy brief and guidance document for policy makers and end-users shows suitable phosphorus recovery and recycling options with regards to regional conditions (structural and legislative) and illustrates selected case studies. Since recovery alone is pointless without subsequent valorisation of the material, it is very important to know the demand side perspective. Only technologies providing marketable raw materials or final products will have a chance for market penetration and replication. Technology alone is no solution, we have to learn to see them embedded in whole value chains or even in value cycles, once we have adapted our exhaustive linear economy into a sustainable and therefore well-balanced circular economy.

The project closed important knowledge gaps that had been identified over the past years and addressed important issues crucial for the market bridging the gap between recovery (supply) and recycling (demand). It used a practice oriented methodology to paint a broad picture of all relevant aspects of technologies and options for the sustainable use of phosphorus today, thus enabling informed decisions and accelerating the transition to a circular economy of phosphorus without the reinvention of the wheel. It will help to improve the food security not only in Europe, but also for a growing world’s population. It clearly addresses what can already be done and what has to be done to enable a circular economy for nutrients in Europe. Think forward, act circular!