Juliaca xanthogramma Dos Santos & Cavichioli & Takiya & Mejdalani 2018, comb. nov.

Juliaca xanthogramma (Signoret, 1854) comb. nov.

(Figures 31–45)

Tettigonia xanthogramma Signoret, 1854: p. 9 [original description], pl. 1, fig. 6. Distribution: Brazil.

Microgoniella xanthogramma (Signoret, 1854): Melichar 1951: p. 102 [redescription, new combination]. Distribution: Rio de Janeiro.

Length: male 5.8 mm (n = 1); female 6.2 mm (n = 1).

Head (Figs. 31, 45), in dorsal view, well produced anteriorly, triangular; median length of crown approximately 6/10 of interocular width and 4/10 of transocular width; anterior margin subacute, without carina at transition from crown to face. Ocelli located at imaginary line between anterior eye angles, each approximately equidistant between median line of crown and adjacent anterior eye angle. Crown without transverse concavity before ocelli; antennal ledge, in lateral view, with anterior margin vertical and rectilinear. Face without distinct pubescence; frons slightly flattened medially, muscle impressions distinct; epistomal suture obsolete; clypeus, in lateral view, with profile continuing contour of frons.

Thorax (Figs. 31, 45) with pronotal width approximately equal to transocular width of head; lateral margins of pronotum slightly convergent anteriorly, posterior margin concave; dorsolateral carina distinct, extending as far anteriorly as eye margin; disk without transverse rugae. Mesonotum with scutellum not striate. Forewing with membrane indistinct; bases of anteapical cells approximately aligned with claval apex; four apical cells, base of fourth more proximal than base of third. Hind wing with vein R2+3 incomplete. Hind leg with length of first tarsomere greater than combined length of two more distal tarsomeres.

Male terminalia. Pygofer (Fig. 32), in lateral view, slightly produced posteriorly, posterior margin convex; disk with macrosetae on posterior portion; without processes. Subgenital plate (Fig. 33), in ventral view, with apical 2/3 strongly narrowed; in lateral view, extending posteriorly slightly beyond pygofer apex; with long uniseriate macrosetae, microsetae also present. Style (Fig. 34), in dorsal view, without preapical lobe; narrowed apically, sickle-shaped. Connective (Fig. 34), in dorsal view, V-shaped; stalk short and broad, not extending as far posteriorly as apex of style. Aedeagus (Fig. 35) symmetrical, without processes; shaft, in lateral view, strongly curved dorsally, with dorsal margin convex and ventral margin concave; apex truncate. Paraphyses (Fig. 36), in dorsal view, with stalk narrow, articulated with apex of connective; base of rami with pair of projections directed anteriorly; rami very slender, slightly asymmetrical.

Female terminalia. Sternite VII (Figs. 37–39), in ventral view, well produced posteriorly; distal margin with median triangular projection. Pygofer (Figs. 37–38), in lateral view, moderately produced posteriorly; posterior margin narrowly rounded; macrosetae distributed on posterior portion and extending anteriorly along ventral margin. Second valvula (Figs. 40–44), in lateral view, straight; dorsal margin bearing about 20 continuous teeth; most teeth (Figs. 41–42) elongate, with basal portion projected dorsally and apical portion very low, flattened; apicalmost 3–4 teeth (Figs. 42–43) triangular; denticles distributed on teeth and on apical portion of blade (ventral dentate apical portion distinctly longer than dorsal portion); preapical prominence (Fig. 44) distinct; apex acute. Gonoplac (partially visible in Fig. 37), in lateral view, with basal half narrow; apical half expanded, narrowing towards apex; latter subacute.

Color (Figs. 31, 45). Dorsum dark brown to black. Crown with anterior half yellow, with small, median black spot at transition to face. Pronotum with broad transverse yellow stripe. Apex of scutellum yellow. Forewing with two large transcommissural yellow spots, first one on basal half of clavus (continuous with apex of scutellum), second one on distal portion of clavus and extending over corium; small yellow spot on distal portion close to costal margin (at base of fourth apical cell). Face mostly yellow. Lateral and ventral portions of thorax mostly yellow; lateral lobe of pronotum, mesepisternum, and mesepimeron with large dark brown to black areas. Legs mostly yellow. Abdomen yellow ventrally and dark brown dorsally.

Taxonomic notes. Our interpretation of J. xanthogramma is based on a fairly precise agreement of characters of our specimens (Fig. 45) with the original description and color illustration (Fig. 46) provided by Signoret (1854), as well as with the redescription by Melichar (1951). This species, which was not treated by Young (1977) in his Cicadellini monograph (McKamey 2007), can be distinguished by the following features: (1) crown with anterior half yellow (Figs. 31, 45); (2) pronotum with broad transverse yellow stripe (Figs. 31, 45); (3) forewing with two large transcommissural yellow spots, first one on basal half of clavus (continuous with apex of scutellum) and second one on distal portion of clavus and extending over corium (Fig. 45); (4) style with apical portion sickleshaped (Fig. 34); (5) aedeagus strongly curved dorsally, with dorsal margin convex and ventral margin concave (Fig. 35); (6) paraphyses with base of rami bearing pair of projections directed anteriorly; rami very slender (Fig. 36). The external features, color pattern, and male terminalia indicate that Juliaca is the correct generic assignment.

Known distribution. Southeastern Brazil (states of Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro).

Material examined. Brazil, states of Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro, Mantiqueira mountain range (Atlantic Forest). One male, “ Brasil-Minas \ Gerais-Itamonte \ 13-15/XI/1998 \ D. TAKIYA leg.” (DZRJ); one male, “ BRASIL, RJ [State of Rio de Janeiro], P.N. [Parque Nacional do] Itatiaia, \ Casa do Pesquisador \ 22°27’16.2”S 44°36’29.2”W \ 810M 7/VI/2013 panobranco [pano branco] \ DM Takiya; C Moraes; \ C Gonçalves; A Silva ” (DZRJ); one female, same data as the preceding except “17.18/ IX/2013 \ DM Takiya; APM Santos ” (DZRJ); one female, “ BRASIL, RJ, P.N. Itatiaia, \ 710-1100M 08.11/ IX/2011 \ sweep \ D M Takiya ” (DZRJ).