Sinophorus Forster

Key to species of Sinophorus Förster from China (females)

1. Malar space as long as basal width of mandible; fore wing vein 2m-cu straight; second metasomal tergite strongly compressed.......................................................................... S. psycheae Sonan, 1939

-. Malar space distinctly shorter than basal width of mandible; fore wing vein 2m-cu curved; second metasomal tergite depressed............................................................................................. 2

2. All carinae of propodeum strongly developed (Fig. 8D); hind tibia not banded (Fig.7), yellowish brown to black.......... 3

-. Some carinae of propodeum usually less developed than others (Fig. 6D); hind tibia banded (Fig. 9)................... 4

3. Interocellar distance 1.4–1.5× ocello-ocular distance; Temple 1.0× as long as eyes in lateral view; hind wing with 1-cu vein inclivous; mandible and tegula black; hind femur entirely black and 5.0–5.2× longer than wide....... S. nigrus Sheng, 2015

-. Interocellar distance 2.0× ocello-ocular distance (Fig. 8G); temple 0.5× as long as eyes in lateral view; hind wing with 1-cu vein reclivous (Fig. 8B); mandible yellowish brown (Fig. 8F), tegula yellow (Fig. 8H); hind femur yellowish brown and 4.0× longer than wide.......................................................................... S. petilidentis sp. nov.

4. Lateral groove of first metasomal tergite indistinct or absent................................................... 5

-. Lateral groove of first metasomal tergite distinct............................................................. 9

5. All carinae of propodeum strongly developed (Fig. 2D); hind femur ca 4.8× longer than wide; face rugose-punctate (Fig. 2F).................................................................................. S. dioryctriae sp. nov.

-. Some carinae of propodeum less developed than others (Fig.6D); hind femur less than 4.8× longer than wide (except S. neimengensis sp. nov.); face punctate or rugose-punctate............................................................ 6

6. Upper tooth of mandible longer than lower tooth; antero-median area of clypeus flattened; hind tarsal claw with 5–8 teeth; petiole of metasoma 1.2–1.3× longer than postpetiole......................................................... 7

-. Upper tooth of mandible as long as lower tooth; antero-median area of clypeus convex; hind tarsal claw with 3–4 teeth; petiole of metasoma 1.5–1.7× longer than postpetiole............................................................... 8

7. Antenna with 31–35 flagellomeres; face punctate; ovipositor 2.1–2.3× longer than hind femur, its depth less than width of hind first tarsomere................................................................. S. pleuralis (Thomson, 1887)

-. Antenna with 42–44 flagellomeres; face rugose-punctate; ovipositor 1.9–2.0× longer than hind femur, its depth greater than width of hind first tarsomere................................................... S. fuscicarpus (Thomson, 1887)

8. Antenna with 43 flagellomeres; face and frons rugose-punctate (Fig. 10F); interocellar distance 1.5× ocello-ocular distance (Fig. 10G); fore wing areolet emitting 2m-cu vein from its basal part (Fig. 10A); vein 1cu-a slightly distad of M&RS (Fig. 10A); hind wing with CU&cu-a slightly reclivous (Fig. 10B); hind femur ca 4.1× longer than wide...... S. spissus sp. nov.

-. Antenna with 35 flagellomeres; face punctate (Fig. 6F); frons granulose-rugulose; interocellar distance 2.2× ocello-ocular distance (Fig. 6G); fore wing areolet emitting 2m-cu vein from its apical part (Fig. 6A); vein 1cu-a opposite of M&RS (Fig. 6A); hind wing with CU&cu-a vertical (Fig. 6B); hind femur ca 4.8× longer than wide............... S. neimengensis sp. nov.

9. Hind wing CU&cu-a reclivous, not intercepted (Fig. 4B); lateral longitudinal carina of propodeum weak (Fig. 4D); hind tarsal claw with 2 slanting teeth; first metasomal segment with petiole ca 1.6× longer than postpetiole....... S. latistrigis sp. nov.

-. Hind wing CU&cu-a vertical to inclivous, intercepted; lateral longitudinal carina of propodeum usually strong; hind tarsal claw usually with more than 2 slanting teeth; first metasomal segment with petiole less than 1.6× longer than postpetiole...... 10

10. Upper tooth of mandible as long as lower tooth; all carinae of propodeum strong; hind femur 3.9–4.2× longer than wide; hind tarsal claw usually without teeth, if teeth present, then less than 3 teeth......................................... 11

-. Upper tooth of mandible longer than lower tooth; usually some carinae of propodeum weaker than others; hind femur 4.2–5.3× longer than wide; hind tarsal claw with more than 3 teeth..................................................... 12

11. Narrowest width of face ca 0.9× total length of face and clypeus; fore wing areolet emitting 2m-cu vein from its middle; hind wing vein 1-cu ca 7.5× longer than cu-a; ovipositor sheath ca as long as first metasomal tergite, 0.8× as long as hind femur, 0.6× length of hind tibia; ovipositor straight; tegula yellow..................................... S. bazariae Sheng, 2015

-. Narrowest width of face ca 1.2× total length of face and clypeus; fore wing areolet emitting 2m-cu vein from its apical; hind wing vein 1-cu ca 3.0–4.0× longer than cu-a; ovipositor sheath 1.7–1.8× longer than first tergite, 1.4–1.5× longer than hind femur, approximately 1.2× length of hind tibia; ovipositor strongly upcurved; tegula blackish brown.................................................................................................. S. zeirapherae Sheng, 2015

12. Hind wing vein cu-a absent, with CU&cu-a not intercepted; hind tibia ferruginous medially; tegula yellowish brown to brown........................................................................... S. turionus (Ratzeburg, 1844)

-. Hind wing vein cu-a present, with CU&cu-a usually intercepted; hind tibia at least white to yellowish brown externo-medially; tegula white to brown................................................................................. 13

13. Hind femur 5.1–5.3× longer than wide; ovipositor depth at mid-length 0.7–0.8× width of hind first tarsomere; costula of propodeum strong and lateromedian longitudinal carina moderately strong.............. S. impunctatus Sheng & Sun, 2014

-. Hind femur 4.2–4.7× longer than wide (except 4.9–5.2× longer than wide in S. geniculatus); ovipositor depth at mid-length slightly longer than width of hind first tarsomere; costula of propodeum absent to strong and lateromedian longitudinal carina variable............................................................................................ 14

14. Hind femur 4.9–5.2× longer than wide; ovipositor depth at mid-length slightly longer than width of hind first tarsomere; antenna with 34–39 flagellomeres; propodeal costula strong......................... S. geniculatus (Gravenhorst, 1829)

-. Hind femur 4.2–4.7× longer than wide; ovipositor depth at mid-length at most equal to width of hind first tarsomere; antenna with 31–35 flagellomeres; propodeal costula variable........................................................ 15

15. Temple 0.6–0.9× as long as eyes in lateral view; punctures of lower half of mesopleuron separated by 1.0–1.5× their diameter; ovipositor strongly upcurved, with depth at mid-length less than width of hind first tarsomere.. S. exartemae (Uchida, 1928)

-. Temple 0.5–0.6× as long as eyes in lateral view; punctures of lower half of mesopleuron separated by less than their diameter; ovipositor moderately upcurved, with depth at mid-length equal to width of hind first tarsomere...................... 16

16. Propodeal costula present; lateromedian longitudinal carina moderately strong; hind femur ca 4.2× longer than wide; postpetiole of first, second and third metasomal tergites rufous.................................. S. katoensis Sanborne, 1986

-. Propodeal costula absent; lateromedian longitudinal carina weak; hind femur ca 4.7× longer than wide; metasoma entirely black........................................................................ S. wushensis Sanborne, 1990