Ligilactobacillus araffinosus Zheng, Wittouck, Salvetti, Franz, Harris, Mattarelli, O'Toole, Pot, Vandamme, Walter, Watanabe, Wuyts, Felis, Gänzle & Lebeer, 2020, SP. NOV.

DESCRIPTIONOF LIGILACTOBACILLUS ARAFFINOSUS SP. NOV.

Ligilactobacillus araffinosus (a.raf.fi.no’sus. Gr. pref. a not; N.L. masc. adj. raffinosus of raffinose; N.L. masc. adj. araffinosus, not fermenting raffinose).

Basonym: Lactobacillus aviarius subsp. araffinosus Fujisawa etal. 1985, 223 VP; Fujisawa etal. 1986, (Effective publication: Fujisawa etal., 1984, 419).

Placement of L. araffinosus in a separate species is supported by ANI values and digital DNA–DNA hybridization [10]. The availability of the genome sequences of the type strains of both subspecies revealed that they are only distantly related with an ANI value of 88.98%, substantially below the 95–96 % threshold recognised for the species level. Furthermore, their core nucleotide identity (CNI) [10] is 91.1, which is below the 94 % threshold at which two strains are allocated tothe same species. Finally, their in silico DDH value is 37.80, whichadditionally supports thatthese two subspeciesshould be recognised as different species [10].

Cells are Gram- positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming rods with rounded ends, usually occurring singly or in short chains. L. araffinosus strainsferment trehaloseand cellobiose, they do not produce acid from galactose, lactose, melibiose

and raffinose [51]. The genome size of the type strain is 1.48 Mbp. The mol% G+C content of DNA is 38.1.

Isolated from the intestine and faeces of birds.

Thetypestrainis ML2 T = ATCC 43235 T = DSM 20653 T = CCUG 32231 T =CIP 103145 T = JCM 5667 T

Genome sequence accession number: AYYZ00000000.

16S rRNA gene accession number: AB289043.