Galeocerdo cuvier : Smith 1949
Description
Galeocerdo cuvier (Péron & Lesueur in Lesueur, 1822)
Tiger Shark
Squalus cuvier Péron & Lesueur in Lesueur, 1822: 351. No types known. Type locality: northwestern Australia.
Local synonymy: Galeocerdo arcticus: Barnard, 1925: 27. Galeocerdo cuvier: Smith, 1949a: 44, pl. 1.; Smith, 1965: 44, pl. 1; Compagno, 1984b: 503, fig.; Bass et al., 1986: 78, fig. 9.19, pl. 2; Cliff & Wilson, 1986: 12; Compagno, 1988a: 7; Compagno et al., 1989: 60, pl.; Compagno, 1999: 120; Heemstra & Heemstra, 2004: 60; Compagno et al., 2005: 308, fig., pl. 50; Ebert et al., 2013 a: 477, fig., pl. 61; Mann, 2013: 40; NPOA, 2013: 43; Ebert & Dando, 2014: 25, fig.; da Silva et al., 2015: 246; Ebert & van Hees, 2015: 146; Weigmann, 2016: 859. Galeocerdo cuvieri: D’Aubrey, 1964a: 19, pl. 6; Bass et al., 1975b: 35, fig. 21.
South Africa voucher material: SAIAB 1505, SAIAB 6256, SAIAB 13191, SAIAB 16729, SAIAB 19429.
South African distribution: Cape St. Francis (EC) to the KZN border with Mozambique.
Remarks: Galeocerdo cuvier previously had been placed in the family Carcharhinidae but the species has a number of distinct morphological characteristics, including very long upper labial furrows reaching to eye level, strong keels on caudal peduncle, an obvious spiracle, and a yolk-sac viviparous reproductive mode, which clearly separates it from that family. Molecular research supports its assignment into its own family (White et al., 2018; G.J.P. Naylor, unpubl. data). The species was first reported in South African waters (as G. rayneri) by Robinson (1920, Natal Fisheries Report for 1919, p. 50) and was quoted by Barnard (1925), stating that large specimens of this shark are caught with handlines off Durban’s North Pier.
Conservation status: NT (2019).
Notes
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Family
- Galeocerdidae
- Genus
- Galeocerdo
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Order
- Carcharhiniformes
- Phylum
- Chordata
- Scientific name authorship
- : Smith
- Species
- cuvier
- Taxon rank
- species
- Taxonomic concept label
- Galeocerdo cuvier Smith, 1949 sec. Ebert, Wintner & Kyne, 2021
References
- Lesueur, C. A. (1822) Description of a Squalus, of a very large size, which was taken on the coast of New-Jersey. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, 2, 343 - 352.
- Barnard, K. H. (1925) A monograph of the marine fishes of South Africa. Part I (Amphioxus, Cyclostomata, Elasmobranchii, and Teleostei-Isospondyli to Heterosomata). Annals of the South African Museum, 21, 1 - 418.
- Smith, J. L. B. (1949 a) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. South Africa Central News Agency Ltd., 550 pp.
- Smith, J. L. B. (1965) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. 5 th Edition. Central News Agency Ltd., 580 pp.
- Compagno, L. J. V. (1984 b) FAO Species Catalogue. Sharks of the World. An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Shark Species Known to Date. FAO Fisheries Synopsis. Vol. 4. No. 125. Part 2. Carcharhiniformes. FAO, Rome, pp. 251 - 655.
- Bass, A. J. & Compagno, L. J. V. (1986) Families Echinorhinidae, Proscyllidae, Odontaspidiidae, Mitsukurinidae. In: Smith, M. M. & Heemstra, P. C. (Eds.), Smith's Sea Fishes. Macmillan, Johannesburg, pp. 63 + 103 + 104 - 105.
- Cliff, G. & Wilson, R. B. (1986) Natal Sharks Board's Field Guide to Sharks and Other Marine Animals. Natal Sharks Board, Umhlanga Rocks, 57 pp.
- Compagno, L. J. V. (1988 a) Sharks of the Order Carcharhiniformes. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 486 pp.
- Compagno, L. J. V., Ebert, D. A. & Smale, M. J. (1989) Guide to the Sharks and Rays of Southern Africa. Struik Publishers, Cape Town, 158 pp.
- Compagno, L. J. V. (1999) An overview of chondrichthyan systematics and biodiversity in southern Africa. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, 54, 75 - 120. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00359199909520406
- Heemstra, P. C. & Heemstra, E. (2004) Coastal Fishes of Southern Africa. National Inquiry Service Centre and South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Grahamstown, 488 pp.
- Compagno, L., Dando, M. & Fowler, S. (2005) Field Guide to the Sharks of the World. Harper Collins Publishers Ltd, London, 368 pp.
- Ebert, D. A., Fowler, S. & Compagno, L. J. V. (2013) Sharks of the World: A Fully Illustrated Guide to the Sharks of the World. Wild Nature Press, Plymouth, 528 pp.
- Mann, B. Q. (2013) Southern African marine linefish species profiles. Oceanographic Research Institute, Special Publication, 9, 1 - 343.
- NPOA. (2013) National Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of Sharks (NPOA-Sharks). Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF), Rogge Bay, Cape Town, 63 pp.
- Ebert, D. A. & Dando, M. (2014) On Board Guide for the Identification of Pelagic Sharks and Rays of the Western Indian Ocean. SmartFish Programme, FAO, Rome & Indian Ocean Commission, Port Louis, 109 pp.
- da Silva C., Booth, A. J., Dudley, S. F. J., Kerwath, S. E., Lamberth, S. J., Leslie, R. W., McCord, M. E., Sauer, W. H. H. & Zweig, T. (2015) A description and updated overview of the status and management of South Africa's chondrichthyan fisheries. South African Journal of Marine Science, 37, 233 - 248. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 1814232 X. 2015.1044471
- Ebert, D. A. & van Hees, K. E. (2015) Beyond jaws: rediscovering the " Lost Sharks " of southern Africa. African Journal of Marine Science, 37, 141 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 1814232 X. 2015.1048730
- Weigmann, S. (2016) Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. Journal of Fish Biology, 88, 837 - 1037. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jfb. 12874
- D'Aubrey, J. D. (1964 a) Preliminary guide to the sharks found off the east coast of South Africa. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Investigational Report, 8, 1 - 95.
- Bass, A. J., D'Aubrey, J. D. & Kistnasamy, N. (1975 b) Sharks of the east coast of southern Africa. III. The families Carcharhinidae (excluding Mustelus and Carcharhinus) and Sphyrnidae. Investigational Report. Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban, 38, 1 - 100.
- White, W. T., Corrigan, S., Yang, L., Henderson, A. C., Bazinet, A. L., Swofford, D. L. & Naylor, G. J. P. (2018) Phylogeny of the manta and devilrays (Chondrichthyes: Mobulidae), with an updated taxonomic arrangement for the family. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 182 (1), 50 - 75. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlx 018