Charaxes (Charaxes) xiphares subsp. kilimensis van Someren 1969
- 1. Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania; & Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK;
- 2. Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK; & Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK; & School of Human and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, UK
Description
Charaxes (Charaxes) xiphares kilimensis van Someren, 1969
van Someren 1969: pl. 28, figs 244 – 245, 247 – 248; 1972: pl. 12, figs 96,97. SI: Figure 27e – h (C. x. kilimensis female, and C. x. maudei male). Size: male 49 mm; female 55 mm (van Someren 1969, p. 83). Forewing length (based on C. x. maudei Joicey and Talbot, 1918): male 45 – 50 mm [mean (n = 8) 47.55 mm, SD = 1.366]; female 48.5 – 56.5 mm [mean (n = 4) 52.98 mm, SD = 2.986].
Note: See Appendix 7 regarding the date of publication of this taxon. Henning (1989, p. 173) states that it has an intermediate phenotype between C. k. brevicaudatus Schultz, 1914, with short hindwing tails, and Charaxes maudei, with very long tails.
RecordsThe type locality is ‘ Lower slopes of West Kilimanjaro at Maua Estate ’ (van Someren 1969, p. 84). Apparently confined to montane forest on the west side of the mountain. Very few specimens are known of this rare endemic (Kielland 1990, p. 112); it was not encountered by Liseki (2009), and we know of no specimens other than the original type material (only the female of which was deposited in BMNH – see Appendix 7). In addition to kilimensis, Kielland (1990) records six other subspecies of C. xiphares (Stoll, 1781) from Tanzania. In total, Ackery et al. (1995, p. 461,462) list 22 subspecies of this east African highland forest butterfly (to which at least two more must now be added), distributed from Kenya and Uganda south to South Africa,
Notes
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Family
- Nymphalidae
- Genus
- Charaxes
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Order
- Lepidoptera
- Phylum
- Arthropoda
- Scientific name authorship
- van Someren
- Species
- kilimensis
- Taxon rank
- subSpecies
- Taxonomic concept label
- Charaxes (Charaxes) xiphares subsp. kilimensis Someren, 1969 sec. Liseki & Vane-Wright, 2015
References
- van Someren VGL. 1969. Revisional notes on African Charaxes (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Part V. Bull Br Mus (Nat Hist) Entomol. 23: 75 - 166, 29 pls.
- Henning SF. 1989. The Charaxinae Butterflies of Africa. Johannesburg: Aloe.
- Kielland J. 1990. Butterflies of Tanzania. Melbourne: Hill House.
- Liseki SD 2009. Butterfly diversity and its relevance to conservation in north-eastern Tanzania [PhD thesis]. Canterbury (UK): University of Kent.
- Ackery PR, Smith CR, Vane-Wright RI, editors. 1995. Carcasson ' s African Butterflies: an annotated catalogue of the Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea of the Afrotropical Region. East Melbourne: CSIRO.