Charaxes (Charaxes) protoclea subsp. azota Hewitson 1877
- 1. Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania; & Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK;
- 2. Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK; & Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK; & School of Human and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, UK
Description
Charaxes (Charaxes) protoclea azota Hewitson, 1877
Henning 1989: 63,64 (4 figs). Larsen 1996: pl. 31, fig. 451 i,ii. d ’ Abrera 2004: 475 (2 figs). SI: Figure 26a – d.
Forewing length: male 38.5 – 48 mm [mean (n = 11) 43.05 mm, SD = 2.081]; female 45 – 52 mm [mean (n = 11) 48.33 mm, SD = 1.940]. van Someren (1971, p. 206) gave male forewing length as 40 – 42 mm, female ‘ 42 – 48, mostly 45 – 46 ’.
RecordsForests, woodland and coastal bush, up to 1700 m, in northeastern, eastern, southern and southwestern parts of Tanzania, inland to North Pare, Nguru and Ukaguru Mountains (Kielland 1990, p. 108). There is no Kilimanjaro area material in OUMNH, but the BMNH has a pair from Engare Sero, Arusha National Park, collected by A.H.B. Rydon. Cordeiro (1995, p. 195), however, records azota from the southern foothills of Kilimanjaro, notably near rivers such as the Karanga, abundantly at Rau Groundwater Forest Reserve, and frequently in the Kahe Forest. Not encountered by Liseki (2009), C. p. azota is included here as a member of the lower slopes fauna. Beyond Tanzania the subspecies occurs in Kenya (coast and Shimba Hills), south to parts of Malawi, Zimbabwe, Zambia and Mozambique and South Africa. Charaxes protoclea Feisthamel includes six named subspecies, ranging collectively through lowland forests from Senegal to northern Angola, east to Uganda and Kenya and south to South Africa.
Notes
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Family
- Nymphalidae
- Genus
- Charaxes
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Order
- Lepidoptera
- Phylum
- Arthropoda
- Scientific name authorship
- Hewitson
- Species
- azota
- Taxon rank
- subSpecies
- Taxonomic concept label
- Charaxes (Charaxes) protoclea subsp. azota Hewitson, 1877 sec. Liseki & Vane-Wright, 2015
References
- Henning SF. 1989. The Charaxinae Butterflies of Africa. Johannesburg: Aloe.
- Larsen TB. 1996. The Butterflies of Kenya and their Natural History. 2 nd ed. Oxford (UK): Oxford University Press.
- d ' Abrera B. 2004. Butterflies of the Afrotropical Region (2 nd edn). Part II. Nymphalidae, Libytheidae. Melbourne: Hill House.
- van Someren VGL. 1971. Revisional notes on African Charaxes (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Part VII. Bull Br Mus (Nat Hist) Entomol. 26: 181 - 226, 11 pls.
- Kielland J. 1990. Butterflies of Tanzania. Melbourne: Hill House.
- Cordeiro NJ. 1995. Interesting distribution records of butterflies from northern Tanzania. Metamorphosis. 6: 194 - 198.
- Liseki SD 2009. Butterfly diversity and its relevance to conservation in north-eastern Tanzania [PhD thesis]. Canterbury (UK): University of Kent.