Iphiaulax Foerster

Key to Chinese species of the genus Iphiaulax Foerster

1. Pterostigma yellow, at most black apically (Figs 30a, 32a, 38a, 42a, 46a); wing membrane at least partly yellow or brown, and sometimes with black spots (Figs 30a, 30b, 32a, 32b, 38a, 38b, 42a, 42b, 46a, 46b); body often yellow with black spots (Figs 29, 31, 37, 41, 45)..................................................................................... 2

- Pterostigma often blackish brown or brown (Figs 34a, 36a, 40a, 44a), if pterostigma yellow (except black basal spot), then wing membrane at most slightly pigmented, nearly hyaline and without dark spots (Figs 34a, 34b, 36a, 36b, 40a, 40b, 44a, 44b); body colour varies from red, yellow with spots to mainly black.................................................... 10

2. Wing membrane mainly yellow, with apical margin grayish brown, and fore wing with black spots; vein 1-SR+M of fore wing bent basally................................................................ I. horishanus Matsumura, 1912

- Basal half of wing membrane yellow and apical half blackish brown (Figs 30a, 30b, 32a, 32b, 38a, 38b, 42a, 42b, 46a, 46b); vein 1-SR+M of fore wing straight, bent or curved............................................. 3

3. First to second metasomal tergites yellow, and third to seventh metasomal tergites black (Figs 30e, 32e); vein 1-SR+M of fore wing curved (Figs 30a, 32a); third metasomal tergite at least sculptured medially (Figs 30e, 32e); fourth to fifth metasomal tergites with transverse subposterior groove (Figs 30e, 32e).................................................... 4

- Metasomal tergites entirely yellow (Figs 42e, 46e) or black (Fig. 38e); vein 1-SR+M of fore wing straight, bent or curved; third metasomal tergite smooth or sculptured; fourth to fifth metasomal tergites with or without transverse subposterior groove.. 5

4. Head yellow with black dorsal marking not reaching eye orbits, narrowing posteriorly to form a point (Fig. 30h); vein 2-SC+R of hind wing transverse (Fig. 30b); pterostigma mainly yellow, only its apical fifth black (Fig. 30a).............................................................................. I. ameeni Whitaker, Bhuiya, Fitton & Quicke, 2007

- Head with black dorsal marking reaching eye orbits (Fig. 32h); vein 2-SC+R of hind wing longitudinal (Fig. 32b); basal half of pterostigma yellow and its apical half black (Fig. 32a)............................. I. haundrawensis Cameron, 1907

5. Metasomal tergites uniformly black (Fig. 38e); hind leg black (Fig. 38f); first and second metasomal tergites sculptured, third to seventh metasomal tergites smooth (Figs 38e); vein SC+R1 of hind wing shorter than vein 1r-m (Figs 38b)............................................................................................... I. longinervis sp. nov.

- Metasomal tergites uniformly yellow (Figs 42e, 46e); hind leg at least partly yellow (Figs 42f, 46f); third metasomal tergite smooth or sculptured; vein SC+R1 of hind wing shorter or longer than vein 1r-m................................... 6

6. Vein 1-SR+M of fore wing curved or bent (Fig. 42a); fourth to fifth metasomal tergites without transverse subposterior groove (Fig. 42e)........................................................................................... 7

- Vein 1-SR+M of fore wing straight (Fig. 46a); fourth to fifth metasomal tergites with or without transverse subposterior groove.............................................................................................. 8

7. Third metasomal tergite smooth; mesoscutum without black spots; fore wing vein cu-a postfurcal; hind tarsus yellow................................................................................... I. agraensis (Cameron, 1897)

- Third metasomal tergite sculptured (Fig. 42e); posterior part of median lobe and lateral lobes of mesoscutum with black spots (Fig. 42d); fore wing vein cu-a interstitial (Fig. 42a); hind tarsus largely dark brown (Fig. 42f)..................................................................................................... I. stramineus Cameron, 1907

8. Third metasomal tergite smooth (Fig. 46e); third to fifth metasomal tergites without transverse subposterior groove (Fig. 46e)...................................................................... I. zebripterae (Wang & Chen, 2008)

- Third metasomal tergite sculptured; third to fifth metasomal tergites with transverse subposterior groove................ 9

9. Ovipositor robust and distinctly expanded preapically; lateral sulcus of first metasomal tergite smooth; fore wing vein cu-a postfurcal; apical half of pterostigma brown......................................... I. malayanus Cameron, 1901

- Ovipositor not expanded preapically; lateral sulcus of first metasomal tergite crenulate; fore wing vein cu-a interstitial; apical half of pterostigma yellow................................................. I. garampianus (Matsumura, 1912)

10. Metasomal tergites entirely smooth and second metasomal suture crenulate; wing membrane light coloured, nearly hyaline, pterostigma yellow, except black spot basally; body red or yellowish brown................ I. jakowlewi (Kokujev, 1898)

- Second metasomal tergite often sculptured medially and at least second metasomal suture crenulate (Figs 34e, 36e, 40e, 44e); wing membrane grayish brown and subhyaline, or blackish brown, with pale stripe from base of pterostigma to vein 2-SR+M and r-m (Figs 34a, 36a, 40a, 44a); body red or yellow, and with black spots (Figs 33, 35, 39, 43)..................... 11

11. Body yellow with black spots (Figs 33, 43); fourth and fifth metasomal tergites without transverse subposterior groove (Figs 34e, 44e)........................................................................................... 12

- Body red with black spots (Figs 35, 39); fourth and fifth metasomal tergites with transverse subposterior groove (Figs 36e, 40e)............................................................................................... 13

12. In dorsal view length of eye 2.1 × temple (Fig. 44h); vein 2-SC+R of hind wing about 0.7 × as long as vein 1r-m (Fig. 44b); third metasomal tergite with few deep punctures medially (Fig. 44e)................ I. wuhainensis Wang & Chen, 2008

- In dorsal view length of eye 1.3–1.5 × temple (Fig. 34h); vein 2-SC+R of hind wing about 0.5 × as long as vein 1r-m (Fig. 34b); third metasomal tergite smooth medially (Fig. 34e).................................... I. impeditor (Kokujev, 1898)

13. Second metasomal tergite smooth and with weak lateral grooves, reaching middle of tergite, and without antero-lateral areas; head mainly red; mesosoma red, and without black spots.................................. I. sauteri Enderlein, 1920

- Second metasomal tergite at least medially largely sculptured, and with strong lateral grooves enbclosing antero-lateral areas (Figs 36e, 40e); head mainly black (Figs 36g, 36h, 40g, 40h); mesosoma with or without black spots.................. 14

14. Ovipositor distinctly expanded preapically, and strongly curved downward (Fig. 40k)............ I. mactator (Klug, 1817)

- Ovipositor parallel-sided to moderately expanded preapically and not or weakly curved (Fig. 36k).................... 15

15. Wing membrane yellowish brown; second metasomal tergite slightly longer than third metasomal tergite, approximately the same length laterally; middle lobe and lateral lobes of mesoscutum with black spot............ I. bellator (Kokujev, 1898)

- Wing membrane blackish brown (Figs 36a, 36b); second metasomal tergite distinctly longer than third metasomal tergite, also laterally (Fig. 36e); colour of mesoscutum varies from uniformly red to uniformly black to reddish with black spots (Fig. 35).............................................................................. I. impostor (Scopoli, 1763)