Androdeloscia akuanduba Campos-Filho, Cardoso & Taiti 2020, sp. nov.

Androdeloscia akuanduba Campos-Filho, Cardoso & Taiti sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: C46894DA-7022-440B-94FC-45CABB001E16

Figs 5–7, 14

Diagnosis

Eyes with eight ommatidia, telson with lateral sides almost straight, male pleopod 1 exopod heartshaped with outer margin slightly concave, and male pleopod 1 endopod with distal portion tapering, slightly bent outwards and bearing setae on medial margin.

Etymology

This new species is named after the divinity Akuanduba of the Araras native people, who is responsible to bring order to the world.

Material examined

Holotype

BRAZIL – Pará State, Serra Sul • ♂; Floresta Nacional Carajás, Gruta N 4WC15 Cave; 6°03′ S, 50°10′ W; 20 Apr.–4 May 2010; R. Andrade leg.; MZUSP 39670.

Paratypes

BRAZIL – Pará State, Parauapebas • 6 ♀♀, 2 juvs; Gruta N4E77 Cave; 6°01′57″ S, 50°09′02″ W; 13– 30 Jan. 2010; R. Andrade leg.; MZUSP 39671 • 1 ♀; Gruta N4E78 Cave; 6°01′57″ S, 50°09′04″ W; 19 Nov. – 4 Dec. 2010; MZUSP 39672 • 1 ♀; Gruta S11D-79 Cave; 6°23′32″ S, 50°18′57″ W; 1–14 Jul. 2010; leg. R. Andrade leg.; MZUSP 39673 • 1 ♀; Gruta S11D-33 Cave; 6°24′39″ S, 50°20′37″ W; 13– 30 Jan. 2010; R. Andrade leg.; MZUSP 39674 • 1 ♀; Gruta S11D-37 Cave; 6°24′46″ S, 50°21′30″ W; 3– 19 Aug. 2010; R. Andrade leg.; MZUSP 39675 – Pará State, Canaãdos Carajás • 1 ♀; Gruta S11- 23 Cave; 6°25′21″ S, 50°17′57″ W; 24 Feb. – 4 Mar. 2010; R. Andrade leg.; MZUSP 39676.

Description

MEASUREMENTS. Maximum body length: male 2 mm, female 4 mm.

BODY. Body with faintly visible light brown pigments. Body outline as in Fig. 5A; dorsal surface covered with triangular scale-setae (Fig. 5B). Noduli laterales very long (Fig. 5C); d/c and b/c coordinates as in Fig. 5D–E.

CEPHALON. Lateral lobes not developed; frontal line absent; suprantennal line bent downwards in middle; eyes composed of eight ommatidia (Fig. 5A, F).

PEREON. Pereonite 1 epimera with anterior corners directed frontwards; pereonites 2–4 with posterior margins straight, 5–7 gradually arched (Fig. 5A).

PLEON. Narrower than pereon; epimera of pleonites 3–5 short, adpressed, with small posterior points directed backwards; telson triangular, with lateral margins slightly concave (Fig. 5A, G).

ANTENNULA. Composed of three articles, proximal article longest, distal article bearing lateral tuft of six aesthetascs plus apical pair (Fig. 5H).

ANTENNA. Reaching pereonite 3 when extended backwards; flagellum of three articles, distal article longest and bearing two lateral aesthetascs; apical organ longer than distal article of flagellum, bearing two short, free sensilla (Fig. 5I).

MOUTH. Mandibles with dense cushion of setae on incisor process, molar process of 4–6 branches, right mandible (Fig. 6A) with 1+1 penicils, left mandible (Fig. 6B) with 2+1 penicils. Maxillula (Fig. 6C) inner endite with two apical penicils; outer endite with 4+4 teeth, inner set apically cleft, outer margin strongly concave. Maxilla (Fig. 6D) inner lobe rounded, covered with thick and thin setae; outer lobe twice as wide as inner lobe, covered with thin setae, distal margin truncate. Maxilliped (Fig. 6E) palp with one seta on proximal article; endite subrectangular, medial seta slightly surpassing distal margin, distal margin bearing one seta on outer portion, rostral surface with setose sulcus ending in one penicil.

PEREOPODS. Pereopod 1–7 merus to propodus bearing sparse setae on sternal margin, pereopod 1 (Fig. 7B) carpus with short transverse antennal grooming brush; dactylus of two claws, inner claw short, dactylar seta simple, not surpassing outer claw, ungual seta simple, surpassing outer claw.

UROPOD. Protopod subquadrangular; protopod and exopod outer margins grooved, bearing glandular pores; exopod twice as long as endopod, endopod inserted proximally (Fig. 7A).

PLEOPOD EXOPODS. Without respiratory structures.

Male

PEREOPODS 1 AND 7. Without sexual dimorphism (Fig. 7B–C).

GENITAL PAPILLA. Bearing triangular ventral shield, papilla longer than ventral shield bearing two subapical orifices (Fig. 7D).

PLEOPODS. Pleopod 1 (Fig. 7E) exopod heart-shaped, outer margin slightly concave; endopod twice as long as exopod, distal portion tapering, slightly bent outwards and bearing setae on medial margin. Pleopod 2 (Fig. 7F) exopod triangular, outer margin concave bearing one seta; endopod flagelliform, distinctly longer than exopod. Exopods of pleopod 3 and 4 (Fig. 7 G–H) rhomboid, outer margin slightly concave and bearing three long setae. Pleopod 5 exopod (Fig. 7I) triangular, outer margin almost straight, bearing two long setae, inner margin grooved to accommodate pleopod 2 endopod.

Remarks

The genus Androdeloscia comprises 25 species distributed in the tropical forest areas of South and Central America (Schmalfuss 2003; Schmidt & Leistikow 2005; Grangeiro & Souza 2006; Grangeiro & Christoffersen 2010; López-Orozco et al. 2016). The genus is mainly defined by animals with reduced length, antennula with one lateral tuftof aesthetascs plusan apicalpair, antennal flagellumof three articles and long apical organ, d/c noduli laterales coordinates with nodulus 4 distant from the lateral margin, male pleopod 1 exopod rounded, endopod stout, bearing a complex distal apparatus, male pleopod 2 endopod elongated and male pleopod 5 exopod grooved on inner margin and distally elongated to accommodate the endopod of pleopod 2 (see Leistikow 1999; Schmidt & Leistikow 2005). Most of these characters are present in Androdeloscia akuanduba sp. nov., although the male pleopod 1 exopod is heartshaped, the endopod lacks a distal complex apparatus and the male pleopod 5 exopod does not have the distal portion elongated. However, these characteristics are also observed in other species of the genus: A. digitata Leistikow, 1999, A. merolobata Leitiskow, 1999, A. muscorum Schmidt & Leistikow, 2005, A. longiunguis Leistikow, 1999 and A. silvatica (Lemos de Castro & Souza, 1986) have the male pleopod 1 exopod that is heart-shaped (see Leistikow 1999; Schmidt & Leistikow 2005); A. pseudosilvatica Leistikow, 1999 has the male pleopod 1 endopod without a distal complex apparatus (Leistikow 1999); and A. colombiana López-Orozco, Carpio-Diaz & Campos-Filho, 2016, A. dalensi Leistikow, 1999, A. opercularis Leistikow, 1999, A. pseudosilvatica, and A. silvatica do not have the distal portion of the male pleopod 5 exopod elongated (Leistikow 1999; López-Orozco et al. 2016). This species is probably troglophilic. Future surveys in- and outside caves are necessary to confirm this statement.