Biodiversity Literature Repository
Published December 6, 2019 | Version v1
Taxonomic treatment Open

Lactarius kokeni Frizzell & Dante 1965

Creators

  • 1. McWane Science Center, 200, 19 Street North, Birmingham, Alabama 35203, USA.
  • 2. South Carolina State Museum, 301 Gervais Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29201, USA.
  • 3. University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana 71209, USA.

Description

Lactarius kokeni Frizzell & Dante, 1965

Fig. 71 A–B

Brazosiella kokeni Dante & Frizzell in Frizzell & Dante, 1965: 700–701, pl. 87, figs 25, 30, 32–34, 36.

Lactarius kokeni – Nolf 1985: 84; 2013: 101, pl. 252. — Breard & Stringer 1999: 135. — Müller 1999: 151–152, pl. 32, figs 12–16.

Material examined

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA – Alabama • 48 otoliths; GLS otolith comparative collection (47 specimens), MSC 39058.

Description

Shape of sagittae primarily elliptical (sensu Smale et al. 1995); height/length ratios moderately high at 68–76%. Small, juvenile specimens with finely scalloped margins; larger and adult specimens with smooth margins. Prominent, blunt rostrum with small antirostrum and excisura characterize anterior margin. Anterodorsal slope straight, fairly short. Dorsal margin nearly straight, longer than anterodorsal and posterodorsal slopes. Posterodorsal slope straight and gentle. Posterior broadly rounded on small specimens, narrowly rounded for larger specimens. Ventral margin broadly and unevenly curved. Inner face slightly convex, with prominent sulcus and depressed area above sulcus. Sulcus divided (heterosulcoid type), quite long (about 90% of total otolith length), well excavated. Ostium almost equal in length to cauda, but with markedly greater width. Ostium has elongated subquadrate shape, slants upward slightly.Anterior portion of ostium opens onto anterior margin, small antirostrum present. Cauda, narrower than ostium, has subparallel margins. Posterior of cauda very slightly flexed downward. End of cauda rounded, well separated from posterior margin. Distinct crista superior occurs below strongly depressed area, which is located above most of ostium and cauda. Ventral furrow absent or poorly developed. Outer face irregularly and slightly convex, becoming concave near anterior margin.

Remarks

Lactarius kokeni is common in many of the formations of Claibornian age occurring in Texas and Louisiana (Frizzell & Dante 1965; Stringer & Breard 1997; Breard & Stringer 1999). The species has been previously reported from the Lisbon Formation in Monroe and Choctaw counties in Alabama (Frizzell & Dante 1965). Our analysis showed that L. kokeni is one of the most common species in the Claiborne Group of Alabama, with 48 identified specimens available to us for study.

Stratigraphic and geographic range in Alabama

Lactarius kokeni specimens were found in the “upper” Lisbon Formation at site ACh-8 and the Gosport Sand at site ACl-4. Bartonian, zones NP16 and NP17.

Notes

Published as part of Ebersole, Jun A., Cicimurri, David J. & Stringer, Gary L., 2019, Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths, pp. 1-274 in European Journal of Taxonomy 585 on pages 205-207, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.585, http://zenodo.org/record/3660259

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Linked records

Additional details

Identifiers

URL
http://treatment.plazi.org/id/18174D41FF49FF61FDEF9B4B4E7E0C23

Cites
Figure: 10.5281/zenodo.3660397 (DOI)
Is part of
Journal article: 10.5852/ejt.2019.585 (DOI)
Journal article: http://zenodo.org/record/3660259 (URL)
Journal article: http://publication.plazi.org/id/E42E3539FF85FFAFFFC69F344D4B0F37 (URL)
Journal article: http://zoobank.org/181B6FBA-ED75-4BB4-84C4-FB512B794749 (URL)
Is source of
https://sibils.text-analytics.ch/search/collections/plazi/18174D41FF49FF61FDEF9B4B4E7E0C23 (URL)
https://www.gbif.org/species/162072991 (URL)

Biodiversity

Collection code
MSC
Family
Lactariidae
Genus
Lactarius
Kingdom
Animalia
Order
Perciformes
Phylum
Chordata
Scientific name authorship
Frizzell & Dante
Species
kokeni
Taxon rank
species
Taxonomic concept label
Lactarius kokeni Frizzell, 1965 sec. Ebersole, Cicimurri & Stringer, 2019

References

  • Frizzell D. L. & Dante J. H. 1965. Otoliths of some early Cenozoic fishes of the Gulf Coast. Journal of Paleontology 39 (4): 368 - 718.
  • Nolf D. 1985. Otolithi Piscium. In: Schultze H. (ed.) Handbook of Palaeoichthyology Volume 10: 1 - 145. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart.
  • Nolf D. 2013. The Diversity of Fish Otoliths, Past and Present. Operational directorate " Earth and History of Life " of the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels.
  • Breard S. & Stringer G. 1999. Integrated paleoecology and marine vertebrate fauna of the Stone City Formation (middle Eocene), Brazos River section, Texas. Transactions of the Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies 49: 132 - 142.
  • Muller A. 1999. Ichthyofaunen aus dem atlantischen Tertiar der USA. Leipziger Geowissenschaften 9 - 10: 1 - 360.
  • Smale M., Watson G. & Hecht T. 1995. Otolith atlas of southern African marine fishes. Ichthyological Monographs of the J. L. B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology 1: 1 - 253. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 141860
  • Pomerol C. 1973. Stratigraphie et paleogeographie. Ere cenozoique (Tertiaire et Quaternaire). Editoire Doin, Paris.
  • Koken E. 1888. Neue Untersuchungen an tertiaren Fisch-Otolithen. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft 40: 274 - 305.
  • Stringer G. L. & Breard S. 1997. Comparison of otolith-based paleoecology to other fossil groups: an example from the Cane River Formation (Eocene) of Louisiana. Transactions of the Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies 47: 563 - 570.