Nutrition of patients during radio and chemotherapy

Nartowicz Małgorzata, Jaworska Czerwińska Aleksandra, Nartowicz Sonia, Juraszek Karolina. Nutrition of patients during radio and chemotherapy. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2018;8(9):549-555 eISNN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1412026

http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/5899

https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/sedno-webapp/works/876504

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© The Authors 2018;

This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland

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Received: 02.08.2018. Revised: 18.08.2018. Accepted: 09.09.2018.

Nutrition of patients during radio and chemotherapy

Małgorzata Nartowicz¹, Aleksandra Czerwińska – Jaworska²^,³, Sonia Nartowicz⁴, Karolina Juraszek^5,6

¹Chair and Clinic of Oncological Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń

²Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń

³10th Military Research Hospital and Polyclinic, Bydgoszcz

⁴Faculty of Medicine and Medical University of Karol Marcinkowski in Poznań

⁵Department of Physiotherapy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus

University in Toruń, Poland

⁶Eskulap Hospital in Osielsko, Rehabilitation Center, Poland

Abstract

The most common method of cancer treatment still includes surgical treatment, which is also the oldest way to fight cancer. Radiotherapy is currently one of the basic method of treating malignant tumors [1]. This method uses the action of ionizing radiation. However, the radiation does not work selectively and also damages healthy tissues. Chemotherapy - the youngest method of cancer treatment - consists in administering to patients cytostatics that block the basic life functions of the cell, mainly by disrupting the ability to divide and multiply cancer cells.

Each of the mentioned therapeutic methods may cause side effects in addition to the therapeutic effect. Anorexia, vomiting, nausea and diarrhea or constipation are most often observed. During radiotherapy and chemotherapy, patients observe changes in taste, dry mouth and the possibility of oral irritation [2]. Through the occurrence of side effects of radio and chemotherapy, patients are exposed to the development of malnutrition and even cachexia.

For this reason, intensive counseling and individual diet modification should be used in all patients undergoing radio and chemotherapy.

Key words: malnutrition, cancer, dietary recommendations