FAKE NEWS, HEALTH AND CAMPAIGNS OF MEASLES VACCINATION: CONCEPTUAL REVIEW

The topic of fake news became popular in the middle of the second decade of the 21st century. Its meanings, origins and social impacts remain, however, a phenomenon of low intelligibility, even in academic circles. Therefore, this studyyy aims to present a conceptual review on the topic of fake news related to health and vaccination campaigns, especially measles. To study this complex phenomenon, a bibliographical research was used as a methodology. In particular, a narrative review of the literature was undertaken. As results, firstly, the historical roots of fake news itself (fake news) are presented. Next, the concept of fake news is distinguished from similar ones, such as post-truth and misinformation. Afterwards, the emergence of online communication and its relationship with fake news are problematized, placing it within the scope of transformations in the sphere of the contemporary social communication. Elements are also highlighted, allowing us to identify associations between fake news and the health sector, especially measles vaccination campaigns. Finally, are presented possible answers to the problem, based on recent contributions from entities and groups combating disinformation. This study concluded that resistance to the immunization policy has been triggered and inflated through fake news, which, therefore, highlights a certain urgency in regulating activities carried out in virtual environments.