Cyclocephala ligyrina Bates 1888

Cyclocephala ligyrina species group

(Figs. 3A–D; 10A–D; 11A–D; 12E–F; 13E–F; 14C–F; 15F–J; 16C–E; 17F–J; 18H–M; 19D–H; 20E–G; 23A–D; 24F–H, E; 28A–H; 29A–F; 30A–C; 31C–D; 32G– H; 40)

Description. The Cyclocephala ligyrina species group consists of eight species and is characterized by the following combination of characters. Color completely black, body broad, subrectangular. Head: Frons mostly impunctate, frontoclypeal suture weak (Figs. 3A–D; 4A–D). Clypeal punctures dense to sparse, apex parabolic, slightly deflexed (Fig. 3A–D; 4A–D). Mandible without teeth, inner apex slightly concave (Fig. 10A–D); labium densely setose, apex notched at center, paraglossa developed (Fig. 12E–F); maxilla with galea developed, with 6 teeth, lacinia not sclerotized, apex with stout setae, projecting up to 1/3 length of galea (Fig. 11A–D). Epipharynx with apex parabolic, densely setose in ventral view (Fig. 14C, E) and without setae in dorsal view (Fig. 14D, F). Antenna with 10 antennomeres, club subequal in length to antennomeres 2–7. Pronotum: Surface with punctures moderately dense, moderately large to large (especially on sides), ocellate, deep. Base lacking marginal bead (Fig. 32B). Elytra: Surface with punctate rows, punctures of striae and intervals similar to those of pronotum; entire surface often coarsely and transversely wrinkled obscuring rows of punctures. Pygidium: Surface moderately to densely punctate; punctures moderate or small in size to more usually moderately large, ocellate, setigerous; setae short, tawny, moderately dense (Figs. 24F–H; 25A–B). In lateral view, surface in males evenly convex, weakly convex to nearly flat in females. Legs: Protibia tridentate, basal tooth slightly removed from others (Fig. 18H–J, L–N). Protarsus in male enlarged, tarsomeres 2–4 successively gradually larger, tarsomere 4 with small tooth on ventral surface, tarsomere 5 large, curved (Fig. 17F–J) and with small basal angulation on ventral side; median claw large, curved (Fig. 16F–K), apex cleft (Fig. 15F–K). Metatarsus subequal in length to metatibia. Venter: Prosternal process moderately long, columnar, apex obliquely flattened in a transverse oval with anterior 2/3 to 4/5 raised into convex “button”. Parameres: As in Figs. 25A–H; 26A–F; 27A–B. Inner sac without corkscrew-like sclerites (Fig. 31C–D). In the female, gonocoxite larger than gonocoxal sternite, gonocoxite lacking membranous area (Figs. 30C; 32A, H).

Composition. This group includes the following nine species, of which, four species are distributed in Colombia, and are treated below:

Cyclocephala arhuacana Neita, new species

Cyclocephala dalensi Ponchel, 2009: 184–185 [original combination].

Cyclocephala dyscinetoides Dechambre, 1999: 9–10 [original combination].

Cyclocephala endroedyyoungai Endrődi, 1964: 435–436 [original combination].

Cyclocephala kaszabi Endrődi, 1964: 433–435 [original combination].

Cyclocephala ligyrina Bates, 1888: 309 [original combination].

Cyclocephala nigerrima Bates, 1888: 310–311 [original combination].

Cyclocephala rufa Endrődi, 1967: 83–84 [original combination].

Cyclocephala scarabaeina (Gyllenhal, 1817): 103–104 [Melolontha scarabaeina original combination].