Effect of cytokinin TDZ and auxin IBA on the succession of plants of the banana plant Musaa acumanata, the Grand-Nain hybrid cultivar, using tissue culture technology

This study was conducted in the Tissue Culture Laboratory of the Agriculture College, Basrah University, Iraq, during the period 9/23/2021 until 8/19/2023 with the aim of studying the effect of different concentrations of cytokinin Tdz and auxin Ibi in the micropropagation of banana plants of the Grand-Nain hybrid variety, by cultivating Both buds and half-buds are in the MS medium. The results showed the concentration of 5.0 mg L-¹ of TDZ was superior to all treatments, as it gave the highest number of vegetative shoots, the highest number of branch length, the highest number of leaves, and the highest leaf width of 9.33 plant parts-¹, 6.87 cm, and 4.33 shoots-¹. 1.867 cm, respectively. The rooting results show a significant superiority to the concentration  3.0 mg.L-1 IBA. All treatments in the percentage of root emergence reached 100%, the highest average number of leaves was 4.00 shoots -¹, the highest plant length was 9.00 cm, and the highest number of roots was 7.67 root shoots-¹, the highest rate. The root length is 9.17 cm. The acclimatization treatments inside the acclimatization rooms led to the success of plant propagation using sterile soil consisting of peat moss and pearlite in a ratio of 2:1, as it gave the best results after 20 weeks for vegetative growth traits. It is concluded from the study the distinctive role of the cytokinin TDZ in stimulating the vegetative shoots of the Grand-Nain hybrid variety and the possibility of plant differentiation using special treatments to acclimatize the resulting plants.