We report 22 records of giant armadillo roadkill on Brazilian highways in the Cerrado, Pantanal and Amazon biomes illustrating that highways are a threat to this species. However, we also documented the species using underpasses, demonstrating that these structures could help to reduce the risk of roadkill for giant armadillos.

In the Pantanal and Cerrado, in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, a total of 1,337 km of highways (BR-262, MS-040 and BR-267) were monitored every 2 weeks for 29 months between February 2017 and December, totaling 92,364 km. In addition, Citizen science data was also collected as regular road users were encouraged to contact the researchers to report roadkill. Information about giant armadillo roadkill was also obtained from data published in academic journals, from Environmental Military Police and from an electronic journal. In the Amazon, a giant armadillo roadkill was recorded opportunistically along the highway PA-275 highway in the Carajás National Forest.

A total of 22 giant armadillos were registered as roadkill on 11 highways of Brazil between 2007 and 2020. This included 20 giant armadillos in the Cerrado, one in the Pantanal and one in the Amazon. On Mato Grosso do Sul highways in the Cerrado and Pantanal, 11,199 carcasses of animals were recorded, representing over one animal per 10 km, but only two giant armadillos. Another nine giant armadillo were recorded outside the monitoring (two opportunistically and six through reports from people confirmed by researchers). Also in the Cerrado, five individuals were reported by Hannibal et al. (2018), two by Rocha et al. (2018), one by Environmental Military Police of Goiás, one by Environmental Military Police of Tocantins and one published by an electronic journal Alcinopolis.com in Mato Grosso do Sul. In the Amazon, one individual was recorded on the PA-275 highway, in Carajás National Forest.