El fenómeno natural number bias: un estudio sobre los razonamientos de los estudiantes en la multiplicación de números racionales
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48489/quadrante.23026Palavras-chave:
natural number bias, fracciones, números decimales, multiplicaciónResumo
Una de las principales causas de las dificultades de los estudiantes de educación primaria y secundaria con las operaciones con los números racionales se debe al uso inapropiado de su conocimiento de los números naturales. Este fenómeno es conocido como natural number bias. Nuestra investigación tiene como objetivo examinar los niveles de éxito y los razonamientos de los estudiantes desde 5.º de educación primaria hasta 4.º de educación secundaria cuando resuelven tareas de multiplicación de un número natural por un racional. Los participantes fueron 438 estudiantes españoles de educación primaria y secundaria. Los resultados muestran porcentajes de éxito menores en tareas donde el conocimiento de los números naturales no es compatible para resolverlas. El análisis de los razonamientos de los estudiantes en estas tareas evidencia la existencia del fenómeno natural number bias en educación primaria y secundaria, pero mostrando su disminución en los últimos años. Estos resultados amplían y apoyan los resultados obtenidos en previas investigaciones cuantitativas.
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