Structural Audit of Cancer Hospital Building Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha

: Now a Days we are designing RCC framed structure which is heart of building with consideration of factors and various and codes which is necessary and using different techniques to assess the old RCC framed Structure. In India, safety of old buildings is one of the major issues. As the strength of old hospital buildings get reduced in due course of time it creates structural defects such as unexpected over loading, material deterioration, physical damages or structural deficiency and if further utilization of such damaged structure is done, it may lead to serious damage of life and property. As Structural Audit of old building is mandatory as per municipal authorities and Government of Maharashtra has made "Structural Audit" of all old building compulsory As Prevention is better than cure, In this present dissertation we adopted Structural Auditing of Cancer hospital building which is situated at sawangi (meghe),Wardha (Maharashtra) is constructed in the year span of 1990-1992 So at the present scenario this building is 32 year Old and required to be checked in all aspect to Assure its safety. with Rebound Hammer Test, Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Test, Half-cell test, pH and carbonation test including Visual Inspection and assessing the stability and safety of the structure to withstand for its remaining life by diagnosis and root cause of the problems by recommending strengthening and then retesting after strengthening is done to check the required strength which is expected


I. INTRODUCTION
Structural Audit is an overall health and performance check-up of a building like a doctor examines a patient.Structural Audit is an important tool for knowing the real status of the old building.It ensures that the building and its premises are safe and have no risk.It analyses and suggests appropriate repairs and retrofitting measures required for the buildings to perform better in its service life.Structural audit is done by an experienced and licensed structural consultant.Concrete is widely used to construct buildings, structures or any other projects.However, over time, the structure starts to age and begins to show signs like cracking, splitting, delamination and steel corrosion etc.All this leads to a shortening of the life and durability of the structure.As everyone knows that this structure was built with a lifespan of more than 50 years, but in reality, this longevity is still elusive.Demolishing existing structures and retrofitting concrete structures is an essential part of financial success.It is also contrary to the concept of green building where we want to save energy for future generations.
Government of Maharashtra has made "Structural Audit" of all old building compulsory as per the amendment to MMC ACT 1888 incorporating a new section 353 B enforcing from 13/2/2009.As per by-laws of Co-operative Housing society and clause no 77.Structural Audit is mandatory for all housing society buildings as per corporation directive and as follows: Age of the Building Structural Audit (Compulsory) 15 to 30 years Once in 5 years Above 30 years Once in 3 years All concrete structures are subject to chemical and physical changes.Durable concrete is concrete with a low failure rate.Concrete alone is durable but for structural application, reinforced concrete, composite materials are used.Reinforced In present study author covers the structural audit of the old RCC-building by carrying out site inspection and performing Non-destructive test on the structure and then this structure is modeled and analyzed using ETABS and Demand to capacity ratio is determined.Suitable recommendations are given after checking strength and stability of the structural members in order to retrofit damaged structural member.Finally structural audit report is prepared for the structure.From visual observation the author of paper concluded that even though heavy reinforcement is provided for the structural component and demand to capacity ratio is less than one for all structural members.The condition of reinforcement provided is very bad and lost its Strength due to corrosion.The structure is unsafe to carry any further load as due to corrosion there is reduction in the cross 11 section of the reinforcement resulting on deflection under their own weight.It is observed that main reason of damage of the structural component is due to corrosion and ageing.Corrosion in structural element is observed due to dampness and leakage from the slabs, cracks in walls etc.
[3] Shirish Lal (2021) (Structural Health Assessment of a RCC Building) This review paper covers the study of Structural Health Assessment of RCC Buildings.Structural health assessment is the structural audit/ technical survey of the building in order to check its strength, stability and life of the structure.Structural audit is the preliminary step in restoration and maintenance of the building.Structures can be any kind it can be Historical, Heritage Structure, Residential building, Commercial building or an Industrial building.Every structure has its own serviceability period, and within this period it should stand sturdily on its position.A collapsed mechanism has increased and today's structures are getting collapsed before there service period is completed.Hence, it is suggested to monitor it periodically by taking a structural expert opinion In present study author covers the structural audit is necessary to know about the structure.A structure is a system of inter connected elements to carry loads safely to underground earth.The health examination of concrete building called as structural audit.The author shows different methods in paper: E.g., Visual inspection, non-destructive test Present study about structural audit is done on the basis of visual inspection method.This is the initial step to carry out the structural audit.By visual inspection only visual damages or defects in components of building should be observed.For detection of technical damage or defect for a particular component of building at particular place non-destructive tests are necessary.By this test results and comparing with standard results, get the condition of structural components.It is very useful to decide repair and maintaince method.The rebound hammer test method is based on the idea that the elastic mass's rebound is determined by the hardness of the concrete surface it strikes.The spring-controlled mass in the rebound hammer rebounds when the plunger is pressed against the concrete surface.The quantity of mass rebound is determined by the hardness of the concrete surface.As a result, concrete hardness and rebound hammer readings can be linked to concrete compressive strength.On a graded scale, the rebound value is calculated.The compressive strength is determined using the graph that comes with the Rebound hammer.The rebound hammer test is carried out in accordance with IS 13311.(Part-2).It is used to determine the concrete's strength qualities.

E. Cover Meter
To prevent corrosion, a sufficient cover thickness is required.A cover thickness survey is helpful in determining current cover thickness in a specific region where damage has been found, as well as elsewhere on the same structure, for comparison.The cover meter is a type of non-destructive test that's also commonly referred to as Cover Meters.Column GC-78 54 2.
Slab GS-   Figure 12: Anchor Bolts Report Epoxy Grouting for Beam and Slab This is the easiest and most common method of repairing a crack.It can be performed by relatively unskilled personnel and can be used to seal both fine pattern cracks and larger isolated cracks.Used to seal cracks against the ingress of moisture, chemicals and carbon dioxide.Two-component low-viscosity epoxy is a very low-viscosity epoxy grout material.Adhesive strength is high, tensile strength is high, viscosity is low, and curing is fast.

Water Proofing
This is the most effective and proven polymer impregnation solution.It is an alkaline material and goes well with concrete.In addition, the high bending strength and the excellent adhesiveness of the polymer enhance the high compressive strength of the cement matrix.During preparation, use crack filler to repair cracks and honeycomb surfaces.Cure according to standard, then remove all hardeners and sealers.Clean the surface and spray water for 24 hours to wet the surface.Before applying the polymer waterproof coating.The original grade of concrete was 15 N/mm 2 .Due to carbonation effect and age of concrete strength is reduced.While conducting visual inspection on existing structure we found major cracks in columns, reinforcement exposed on various locations of columns, honeycombing and seepage, deterioration of concrete observed on maximum locations.They are repaired by using epoxy grouting and micro fine cement grouting with epoxy bonding agent, polymer repair and micro concrete.

Figure 4 :
Figure 4: Reinforcement Exposed and Concrete Damage

Table 3 . 3
The cover Meter is used to locate and measure bar diameters.RESULTS OF TESTS AND CALCULATIONS5.1 Rebound Hammer Test ResultsRebound hammer test indicate that the compressive strength at maximum location ranges from 11 to 18 N/mm2 (Refer to IS 13311(Part II):1992).The average compressive strength is 15 N/ mm 2 .Table5.4.gives the results interpreted after carrying out rebound hammer test.After 30 years reduce 50 % reading as per IS 13311(Part II):1992.Ultrasonic Plus Velocity Test Result-It was observed that the Ultrasonic Pulse velocity results with direct and indirect method indicate the maximum readings between 2.80 Km/Sec to 4.35 Km/Sec (IS 13311 Part I-1992) 2018 Hardened concrete -methods of test Part 5 Nondestructive testing of concrete section 1 Ultrasonic Pulse velocity testing (First Revision).