Climate resilience and energy performance of future buildings in Nigeria based on RCP 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios

Mark Alegbe; Gwaza Mtaver

doi:10.47818/DRArch.2023.v4i3102

Climate resilience and energy performance of future buildings in Nigeria based on RCP 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios

Authors

Mark Alegbe Short Bio Auchi Polytechnic

Mark Alegbe is a registered Architectural Technologist with the Nigerian Institute of Architects NIA, currently serving as a Principal Technologist at Auchi Polytechnic, Edo State, Nigeria. He began his career in 2013 after completing an HND in Architectural Technology from Nuhu Bamalli Polytechnic, Zaria, and later earned a BSc. in Architecture from Ambrose Alli University, AAU, Epkoma in 2019. In 2021, he received a fully funded TETFund scholarship to pursue an MSc. in Climate Resilience and Environmental Sustainability in Architecture at the University of Liverpool, United Kingdom, graduating in 2022. His research focuses on building energy performance, low carbon architecture, and sustainable buildings, showcasing his commitment to advancing environmentally conscious architectural practices.
Gwaza Mtaver Short Bio Joseph Ayo Babalola University

Gwaza Mtaver is an independent researcher with 14 years of industry experience in urban planning and development, environmental sustainability, and architectural design innovations. He holds an HND in Architectural Technology from Federal Polytechnic, Birnin Kebbi. Additionally, he earned a postgraduate diploma (PGD) in Architecture from the Federal University of Technology, Minna. He completed his MSc in Architecture at Joseph Ayo Babalola University, Ikeji, Osun State, and is currently practicing with Gwazmter Nigeria Limited.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47818/DRArch.2023.v4i3102

Keywords:

building optimisation, climate scenarios, energy performance, future buildings, representative concentration pathways

Abstract

The predicted rise in global temperature by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPCC appeals for a review of the methods and materials used for building construction for reduced emissions and comfort in buildings. Buildings account for the most carbon emissions in the globe. This study presents the impact of temperature change across the 36 state capitals in Nigeria, and the Federal Capital Territory, FCT, based on Representative Concentration Pathways, RCPs 4.5 for 2020 and 8.5 for 2090. A simple studio apartment with optimised alternatives for retrofits and new builds was simulated using EnergyPlus for both climate scenarios to determine the strategies for improving the energy performance of future buildings. The result of the study shows a significant increase in mean monthly outdoor temperature of about 5⁰c across the states, with potential heat stress affecting buildings in future climates. Moreover, about one-third of the locations experience a shift in climatic zones to hotter ones. The impact of this climate drift will be more severe in the Northcentral and Southwest regions of the country. The design strategies recommended to mitigate the effects of a changing climate focused on building envelope insulation, thermal mass, and solar shading. The performance of the optimised models under future scenarios accounts for up to 25% and 73% savings in cooling energy for retrofits and new builds, respectively. To protect existing buildings from the impact of future climates, developers must make massive investments in solar shading of buildings. In contrast, a combination of envelope insulation and solar shading strategies proves effective for new builds.

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Published

2023-12-17

How to Cite

Alegbe, M., & Mtaver, G. (2023). Climate resilience and energy performance of future buildings in Nigeria based on RCP 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios. Journal of Design for Resilience in Architecture and Planning, 4(3), 354–371. https://doi.org/10.47818/DRArch.2023.v4i3102