State policy on the formation of patriotic education for the youth

Due attention in the article is paid to the use of modern digital infrastructure tools to disseminate the quality of the policy of patriotic education. The author outlines the key components and structural elements of patriotism that can be used to improve patriotic education both at the domestic and international levels. Based on the use of analytical and scientific research methods, a study was carried out on the prospects for the modern development of patriotism in the context of the spread of geopolitical challenges. The results of the study can be a useful source for further scientific


Introduction
The current state policy of forming patriotic education for the youth should be used based on highquality tools for popularizing civic positions and respect for the country.This will have a positive impact on the future political life of the country.Positive attitudes of the youth toward their country and active citizenship will contribute to political development and economic growth, which is the subject of this study.The aggravation of political conflicts and the instability of the geopolitical situation has arisen due to the war in Ukraine.These circumstances create the need to find effective tools for educating young people to improve the quality of their activities both in the current political environment of the country and in the prospects of the country's development in the long term.The main principles of patriotism are the use of the state language, national attributes, public position, compliance with the law, and legitimacy of activities.An equally important task is to create the best possible basis for the use of state policy in the formation of patriotic education for the youth.Moreover, modern features of patriotic education of youth may include not only the quality of the development of mechanisms for programs to disseminate educational activities but also the use of public administration to integrate the responsibilities of local governments into educational institutions.The educational institution is a key environment where there is a high concentration of young people.This raises the question of reducing the bureaucratic burden on the public sector through educational institutions that will pursue a policy of patriotic education of young people.Besides that, various tools for educational institutions can provide for this factor.These are, for instance, assignments to prepare research in history, joint cultural projects, discussions, or the organization of competitions.Educational institutions have significant advantages over the state in the context of patriotic education, as they have direct communication contact with the youth.Therefore, the key direction of the state policy of patriotic education to the youth should be the development of a mechanism for controlling, editing, and monitoring the quality of the policy of educational institutions in implementing the relevant program.
The research aims to analyze the current practice of the State policy of forming patriotic education of young people in the context of the development of educational institutions and digital technologies in the context of geopolitical challenges.The main task of the article is to conduct a theoretical analysis of the peculiarities of patriotic education and to provide analytical assessments of the situation in Ukraine regarding the quality of the State policy of patriotic education.Given the military actions in the country, this study is particularly important.The current state policy of patriotic education of the youth is constantly changing and transforming in line with the cultural and value needs of the younger generation.These circumstances are attracting increased attention among scholars.The expediency of the study stems from the urgency of the problems of development of the State policy on the formation of patriotic education of young people, the need for its further improvement, and the creation of high-quality tools for its dissemination among young people.The objectives of the study will allow us to determine the methodology for conducting and achieving the key objectives in the article.

Literature Review
The issue of state policy on patriotic education is a priority for any state (Bech & Chorna, 2014;Tolen & Tulenova, 2012)).Therefore, scholars pay considerable attention to this aspect.In particular, Bizov & Lyader (2022) notes that the modern policy of patriotic education should be aimed at forming a set of values among young people and cultural guidelines aimed at fostering respect for their own country.According to Dombrovska & Poltorak (2015), patriotic education should become a key area of state policy.The reason for this is that most EU countries and the world as a whole are facing a demographic crisis (Pomaza-Ponomarenko et al., 2020).Therefore, to ensure the further development of human capital, it is necessary to form a patriotic population.Lacka et al., (2021), considers patriotic education as a combination of love for the homeland and fulfillment of one's civic duties, and the use of law and order in everyday activities.Filatov (2018) agrees with this.He notes that the key difference between patriotism and nationalism is moderate radicalism, high liberality, and adherence to basic civic duties.This, in turn, has a positive impact on both the country's image and the formation of a policy of patriotic education for the youth.According to Kalogeropoulos et al., (2020), patriotic education of young people should be carried out in the key institutions of their upbringing, namely through households in educational institutions.Meanwhile, Matveeva (2017) believes that to improve the quality of patriotic education, it is necessary to reform the policy of educational activities of educational institutions.They should be required to conduct classes aimed at fostering respect for the country.Furthermore, Kravchenko et al., (2020) notes that in the current conditions of digital development, educational institutions have greater opportunities to improve the quality and dissemination of patriotic education through educational mechanisms and distance communication networks.The use of digital tools, according to Pavlushenko et al., (2021), is a key source of patriotic education for modern youth.The creation of media materials and digital content will help shape the worldview of a young person.Kovalchuk (2016) believes that to improve the state policy of patriotic education, it is necessary to use educational projects aimed at interacting with parents.This is important because parents have a direct impact on the formation of patriotism in the youth (Tolen & Tulenova, 2012).According to Fedorova et al., (2021), a country with a weak social policy cannot provide patriotic education and the development of patriotism within the country.According to scientists, the most important factor in the formation of patriotic education and the prerequisites for its growth is high social protection and a strong social security system.Besides, Viltsaniuk (2020) believes that social protection policy should be taken as a basis for the formation of patriotic education and used as the main tool for the formation and development of patriotic feelings.According to Gbur (2021), an important factor in the formation of patriotic education is the use of key components of patriotism.These include the use of the state language, knowledge of the country's history, traditional values, and adherence to specific national rituals.These components will serve to create a patriotic mood in the country among young people.It is worth noting that in modern literature, the issues of state policy on the formation of patriotic education are considered from the standpoint of global challenges, as well as educational institutions directly involved in the formation of patriotism.

Methodology
The analysis of the state policy on the formation of patriotic education of youth is based on the use of scientific research methods.This made it possible to use theoretical aspects and draw on the experience of Ukraine, which is facing complex geopolitical challenges.It is worth noting that Ukraine can resist military aggression with the help of a proactive patriotic policy.The search method was applied to consider theoretical views of patriotism and patriotic education, as well as to identify the key differences between patriotism and nationalism and the peculiarities of its development.The state policy of forming patriotic education of youth is carried out based on the formation and use of analytical assessment tools regarding the quality of volunteer associations and their impact.The method of deduction and induction was used to characterize the key prospects for the development of state policy in the direction of forming patriotic education and its improvement.The issue of using educational institutions in the implementation of the state policy of patriotic education of young people is one of the priority areas of the study.It was analyzed using the method of abstraction.The study makes it possible to characterize the key aspects of the mechanism for implementing the state policy of patriotic education of the youth.Owing to the study, the basic principles of combining its demographic policy and determining further development prospects can be investigated.The research methodology is based on a review of theoretical approaches to patriotic education, its main components, and an analysis of Ukraine's experience.Taking into account the development of modern digital technologies, appropriate recommendations are provided that can improve not only the implementation of the policy of patriotic education but also the level of perception of patriotism among young people.The results of the study may be useful for countries with an increased need for the development of patriotic education among the youth.

Results
The issue of patriotic education plays an important role in the formation of effective state policy.Fostering patriotic traits among the population will be a key priority in ensuring the development of human capital.The formation of patriotic education of young people is the basis for the effective functioning of public policy in the future.Only the education of patriotic youth can shape the cultural aspect and understanding of the importance of respect for one's own country.It is important to note that it is the future generation that will implement state policy and take an active part in the development and reform of the country.Young people are a key resource of human capital in the country and play a role in shaping demographic policy.Therefore, it is worth studying the issue of patriotic education of young people through interactive, traditionally conservative, and innovative means for modern state policy.
The notion of patriotism is quite broad, as it is often the subject of speculation, which serves mainly to negatively reflect reality.Moreover, patriotism is often confused with nationalism.The formation of nationalism is a reflection of ideology, while patriotism is a more liberal form of respect and love for the country, which can be expressed in just civic or social activities, including the fulfillment of public duties, etc. Patriotism also implies loyal feelings for the country and a willingness to defend it in cultural, defense, and moral terms.One of the important manifestations of patriotism is knowledge of one's country, namely its key symbols, actual history, knowledge of the anthem, coat of arms, and other sacred and symbolic means used in public policy.
All countries of the world are facing the problem of forming patriotic education for the youth, as the geopolitical situation is unstable.It requires the country to use and implement effective policies and involve young people in such policies.These actions are aimed at improving domestic activities and improving the work of the public sector.Current practice shows that the patriotic education of young people is no less important than demographic policy.The latter, in turn, is aimed at preserving human capital and creating a quality basis for the further functioning of the state and considering the effectiveness of its principles.
In connection with the war in Ukraine in 2022, many questions have been raised around the world regarding the analysis of human cultural values, politics, and the expediency of historical statebuilding.The formation of independence and freedom of choice are key values of the entire free world, which wants to establish the rule of law and provide some benefits for countries that adhere to such norms.However, the aggression against Ukraine has caused many tectonic shifts around the world.It has led to the need to use high-quality means of modern patriotic education for the youth, which will be pursued by state policy in the coming generations.Moreover, ideological education and the use of key tools to foster respect and active civic life are necessary both for the support and development of the state and for active participation in green (environmental) policy and the formation of an active volunteer or socially engaged position.For the state, volunteers and citizens with an active lifestyle are of increased value.They create genuine benefits for society and can improve the quality of life and public policy.
In modern conditions, patriotic education is held in many countries to develop patriotic youth.Also, these countries have the opportunity to conduct educational activities with an understanding of the country's history, its development, prominent historical figures, as well as key advantages and historical achievements.Therefore, the modern policy of state patriotic education is aimed at the emotional and verbal intelligence of young people to form and understand the importance of respect for their own country and leading an active lifestyle, as well as eliminating the negative factors of further inactivity.The example of Ukraine in terms of fostering patriotic education and the ability to defend one's own country in the face of military aggression demonstrates its clear benefits and awareness of the importance and value of the country.Over the past 10 years, Ukraine has created many activities to educate and train patriotic youth, as well as organize various sports competitions.Moreover, Ukraine has a widely used mechanism to improve the patriotic education of young people.This mechanism can promote development in all regions, which includes many research grants, government spending on culture and sports, and improving the quality of patriotic education.
The problem of modern politics in any country is the use of relevant and interesting means aimed at shaping patriotic education and fostering respect for the homeland.Parents are the key means and source of love for the country.It is the parents of young people who are the main source of possible formation of their worldview and patriotism.To ensure quality education, it is necessary to conduct educational activities not only among young people but also to actively involve parents in the older generation.It is necessary to pay attention to the peculiarities of modern education and the need to shape public opinion, create a positive attitude among people toward their country, and explain historical events and features.This will help shape the general outlook of young people.Since such peculiarities are important, the state's policy on patriotic education of youth should be divided into two categories.The first category is aimed at educating young people and fostering their patriotic feelings and duties to their country; the second is aimed at parents, who are the source of education for young people.Taking these two categories into account improves the state policy of patriotic education and helps to improve the quality of such policy.More details about current measures to form patriotic education for the youth are presented in Table 1.

Direction Content Conducting awareness-raising activities
Conducting additional classes on fostering patriotic traits by fostering a love for the country Organization of exhibition activities

Holding patriotic conferences
Creating projects and conferences to improve understanding and promote patriotism among the youth

Cultural tourism
Organization of aesthetic and cultural tours to national monuments

Holding youth competitions
Creating national competitions and organizing them at the local and regional level

Organization of sports and patriotic competitions
Creating a personal brand based on sports culture, protecting the country's reputation on the global stage

Mass cultural events
Holding cultural events on specific dates and events

Charity evenings
Creating patriotic and charity evenings, promoting cultural qualities among the youth

Implementation of patriotic upbringing in education
Emphasizing the advantages of the particular country, fostering respect for the homeland, and building patriotism Source: compiled by the author Based on the data in Table 1, the modern policy of patriotic education in the state should be implemented based on methods that promote the active participation of young people in public events and educational activities.The key aspects of the formation of patriotic education and respect for the country are the availability of knowledge about history, the reflection of the qualities of human cultural values, and favorable state policy.The formation of public administration aimed at improving the quality of social protection development and support for social expenditures, including grants, benefits, various insurance schemes, etc. will positively contribute to the formation of patriotic feelings among both young people and adults.A country that cares about its population stimulates its human capital to respond accordingly.Therefore, the formation of patriotic feelings should be based on the use of educational activities, the economic and financial sectors, and involvement in public activities.
For example, volunteerism is widely popular in Ukraine and around the world.It is also a common practice to join various public, regional, or volunteer associations that carry out socially useful activities and can improve the quality of public policy implementation and improve living standards at the local level.The use of such principles of fostering patriotic feelings will be a priority for policy implementation, as a population with a strong need to defend the interests of their country will serve as a key factor in socio-economic well-being in the future.
/138-148 Inna Naida, Yuliia Rudenko, Anzhelika Derbak, Mariia Chobaniuk, Svitlana Cherevko According to the UN, in Ukraine, in 2022, a significant number of battalion groups were provided with volunteer assistance at the beginning of the war, and a significant number of territorial defenses were created, which was made possible by patriots and the formation of patriotic feelings within the country.In times of crisis and geopolitical challenges such as war, patriots are a key resource for the state in conducting defense policy and countering information attacks.The use of patriotic education of young people at the global state level should become a priority in the implementation of strategic public policy, as the future depends entirely on the next generations, which requires rational measures to be taken today.Moreover, the state policy of forming patriotic education of young people will contribute to the qualitative improvement of education and intensify the involvement of citizens in the life of the country.In Ukraine, a striking example is the involvement of citizens in the restoration of infrastructure, and the use of additional means of defense policy regarding the participation of citizens in support works, maintenance, etc.
A modern policy of forming patriotic education for the youth can also be formed based on specialized camps for children that hold sports competitions, provide physical training, and foster a sense of patriotism in young people.The popularity of such camps will serve as a factor in the development of a further civically active population.Moreover, this will be one of the priorities among other tasks for the education of the younger generation.
For the rational use of state instruments to create and promote patriotic education, it is necessary to consider the main key features of patriotism and its components.The use of components as the main tool for ensuring the quality of further activities will serve as a tool for the further development of state policies on the education of patriotic youth.The features of such components of patriotism are shown in Figure 1.The components of patriotism shown in Figure 1 can become the main areas for the implementation of the state policy of patriotic education of young people.The issue of the state language plays an important role today.Quite often, language has been a speculative factor in strengthening international hatred and conducting information and psychological attacks.The key to building patriotism should be an awareness of the need to conduct any state policy in the official state language.Official events, as well as the work of specialized states or any other corporate institutions, should be conducted only in the state language.However, in everyday communication and in any other situations not related to public institutions or the specialized corporate sector, any language can be used.In addition, this is not enough to formulate quality policies and participate in public life.The key aspect is participation in elections and understanding of development programs.For democratic countries, the choice is a key aspect of fostering patriotism and using it as a tool to influence the implementation of the country's policies.Since the choice of politicians reflects the level of public sentiment and the desire to pursue a particular policy, elections must be held openly and fairly.
In the modern world, more and more attention is paid to the patriotic upbringing of youth.At the same time, attention is focused on the use of modern digital tools that can be used in the implementation of state policy or the implementation of an educational program.The use of digital infrastructure opens up wide opportunities for the implementation of effective means of creating and developing patriotic education of young people.With the help of digital infrastructure, you can hold remote conferences, discuss public projects, etc.The use of digital infrastructure improves the quality of education, and can spread a number of informational and patriotic sources that are aimed at fostering patriotic feelings and have an educational nature.Therefore, in today's realities, especially given the widespread use of distance education as a key format, as well as the spread of the coronavirus pandemic and the war in Ukraine, the creation of special media and the use of digital tools of influence can be considered.
The use of digital media and the creation of digital content that has a patriotic character will be much more effective in the modern sense among young people.Most of the younger generation uses social media and has basic digital skills and is much more likely to consume digital content than traditional content.Therefore, it is necessary to use the tools of public policy formation at the digital level, which will use the media and traditional communication channels to disseminate their activities in the digital space.Moreover, the use of digital infrastructure will have some key advantages, as they are widely integrated with the global community and can provide much more results than the implementation of traditional patriotic education measures.Ukraine's current policy is aimed not only at improving the quality of patriotic education but also at building a brand on the global stage.This implies active implementation of digital media, video production, and the use of digital art and 3D graphics, which is aimed at building the country's brand.A vivid example of the importance of fostering patriotic feelings among young people is Ukraine's extensive involvement in media resources through leading figures in world cinema, theater, etc.The use of such tools not only improves the quality of the country's brand on a global level but also helps to overcome the negative effects of an information attack by an aggressor country.Given such conditions, the key principles of state policy for the formation of patriotic education of young people will be the use of some educational materials, conferences, project discussions, development of public activities, and the dissemination of special digital media that will be used to improve respect for their own country.Thus, patriotic education of the youth will be one of the priorities of the policy in the current unstable conditions in which the world finds itself.

Discussion
The results of the study indicate that the qualitative formation of patriotic education of young people is a key factor in the security of the country's future, and is also a basis for the successful implementation of state policy.After all, young people will participate in most state projects and carry out their activities to ensure certain activities in public life.The state's current policy towards ensuring patriotic education is to use educational tools and various conferences.However, in the context of the development of distance education and its spread around the world, there is a need to conduct special technical research.This research will focus on possible means of creating and using digital patriotic materials.By using such tools, it is possible to improve the brand of one's own country on the world stage and to attract young people to become interested in the country's history, as well as to evoke patriotic feelings.
The war in Ukraine demonstrates the importance of fostering patriotic education among the population.Since the hostilities began in 2014, many youth patriotic camps and special events have been created in Ukraine to foster patriotic sentiment in the country.Thus, the patriotic education of youth is carried out based on the formation of state policy and the activities of many volunteer movements that are actively involved in this issue.A promising area of research will be the analysis of static data on such volunteer organizations, their impact on military operations, human capital, and the quality of educational activities.The issue of volunteer organizations and citizens with an active civic positions will be the most important means for the formation of patriotic education for young people.
A separate area for the formation of patriotic education of youth is the use of educational activities aimed not at young people, but at parents who are directly involved in the upbringing of children.Conducting educational work among parents will play a key role, as parents directly influence the formation of a teenager's worldview and instill cultural values in them.Further research may be aimed at developing activities and special projects aimed at engaging adults in discussions and forming patriotic groups.Another important task will be to involve them in civic activities, which will directly affect both the formation of their civic position and patriotic sentiments.
A promising area for further research is the use of digital tools and means that can be applied in modern conditions.These tools can serve to improve the quality of the educational process aimed at fostering patriotic sentiments among young people.Moreover, holding specialized conferences and internal youth projects can be a prerequisite for improving the quality of perception of patriotic literature and digital materials, and have positive consequences for shaping the worldview of young people.Thus, the current state policy on the formation of patriotic education for young people remains an open question.Moreover, it can be improved following the needs of the state, global geopolitical challenges, and the nature of educational activities, since the use of language, history, and state symbols are of sacred importance for any state.Conducting analytical research on the creation and use of projects to promote patriotic education is a top priority.

Conclusions
Thus, it can be concluded that patriotic education involves the formation of respect and love for one's own country.Patriotism is different from nationalism, as it implies its liberal form of manifestation, which is used in everyday life, by spreading the love for the country through active social actions, use of the state language, and legal activities.Patriotism and patriotic education are aimed at forming a single goal, which involves the creation of cultural values in young people, based on respect for the state.The formation of patriotic education is a top priority for any state.The younger generation is the key human capital, the basis of demographic policy, and a source of ensuring the further functioning of the state.Geopolitical challenges, such as the war in Ukraine, show that the use of patriotic education and the formation of the spirit of freedom and democracy are crucial.They have enabled the Ukrainian people to resist military aggression through widespread patriotic sentiment.Based on the Ukrainian example, states need to use modern tools to influence the formation of patriotic sentiments among young people, use media resources, and conduct information campaigns aimed at fostering a positive attitude towards the state.In addition, education remains an important factor for patriotic education, as educational institutions are a key social institution where the majority of young people are concentrated.Therefore, given these features, the implementation of a patriotic education policy should be primarily initiated by educational institutions that can conduct educational projects, engage young people in public activities, and use their scientific resources to promote the quality of patriotic education.Moreover, modern educational institutions operate mainly through distance education, which directly transforms traditional approaches to both the formation of patriotic education and the methodology of its development.To improve the quality of patriotism among young people, it is necessary to use digital tools, digital content, and remote communication channels, which will positively affect the level of patriotic education among young people.The state policy on the formation of patriotic education of youth should be aimed primarily at improving the educational policy of educational institutions.

Figure 1 .
Figure 1.Key components of patriotism Source: compiled by the author