ABSTRACT
This chapter outlines two models of, or approaches to, organizational analysis and then uses them to characterize and evaluate much of the recent systematic research on the administration of criminal justice. They are the rational-goal model and the functional-systems model. It is assumed a priori that some means have to be devoted to such non-goal functions as service and custodial activities, including means employed for the maintenance of the unit itself. From the viewpoint of the system model, such activities are functional and increase the organizational effectiveness. Finally, some of the concerns raised by the theories of large-scale organizations generally, but which have been over-looked by students of the administration of justice, is examined. Herbert Packer suggests that among academic lawyers, the former tends to be regarded as the "goals" of the system. Likewise John Rawls has made a similar point.
