ABSTRACT
This chapter explains the background and directions of the development of contemporary new Confucianism. This background includes the May 4th Movement and its implications. One of the implications is to revolt against Confucianism as the cause of China falling back. Confucianism is regarded as backwards. In contrast, the conservative group during the first half of 20th century tried to defend Confucianism as the spirit of Chinese nation. This chapter also describes the history of this development and summarizes the main figures. At the end, this chapter does a quick evaluation of this development.
