ABSTRACT
This chapter enables readers to develop a solid understanding of the three focus areas of health and physical education in both prior-to-school and school settings and identify key developmental milestones in the areas of health, physical activity and personal development for early years learners. It includes a case study based on Australian research that explores the possibility that early years swimming programs may enhance the learning of young children. The Ottawa Charter provides a foundation for the development of quality health and physical education by emphasising the importance of advocating for community health education. Fundamental movement skills are essential to the focus area of physical activity within health and physical education. Most early childhood education centres and schools incorporate exercise and outdoor play time into their daily timetables. The chapter outlines the ways in which health and physical education are organised in the formal educational and policy context.
