ABSTRACT
The conceptual use of equilibrium systems is ancient and honorable in the social sciences. This chapter outlines a series of equilibrium systems which assist directly in reconstructing the dynamics and attributes of prehistoric populations, both socially and biologically, and in defining the ecological niche occupied by hunters in the Pleistocene period. A density equilibrium system is based upon the broad biological assumption of a balanced condition in nature for all life, including man at a hunting and collecting level of economy. Some evidence exists to show how the system operates when densities have been reduced well below carrying capacity. Starting with a basic territorial unit, in which both food and water resources are locally earned, densities have a constant meaning. There are a variety of data bearing upon the existence of the dialectical tribe as an expression of the communication equilibrium system. Local groups dependent upon a generalized dietary have been well censused for three different peoples.
