ABSTRACT
This chapter sketches Wittgenstein's opposition to scientism in general and explores his opposition to scientism in philosophy of mind. There are three levels of hostility in Wittgenstein's comments about science and scientism. At the first level, Wittgenstein sees nothing wrong with science or scientific method as such. The second level of Wittgenstein's hostility is his objection to the spirit of the typical western scientist. It is important to acknowledge the existence of the third level of hostility in Wittgenstein's comments about science. In his Remarks on Frazer's Golden Bough, Wittgenstein opposes two kinds of scientism in anthropology: the scientism of doing anthropology as though it is a science; and the scientism of treating magical beliefs as a primitive form of science. Wittgenstein is plainly right to reject the kind of scientism about the mental that treats the uncertainty of the relation between outer evidence and inner state as always being a merely epistemic matter.
