Cause and Management of Hamstring Injuries in College Sprinters-A Qualitative Approach

Despite to investigate the possible existence hamstring injuries of college sprinters are common and incidence rates have not declined in recent times. Furthermore sprinting is known as fastest activity so hamstring with respect to injury location, tissue and muscle associated with correct diagnosis based with history on time as well adequate knowledge to the athletes are equally essential. Additionally high rate of hamstring tightness and pain was unknown, while increasing pain may lead to accumulated muscle damage.


Introduction
Athletics refer to the development and maintenance physical health and fitness [1]. Sprinters put extreme pressure on the body that has been a risk especially on hamstring muscles in higher degree of overlapping [2]. Hamstring injuries are the most prevalent time-loss injuries in sprinting [3]. In spite of unclear understanding between thigh and hamstring muscles especially flexion of knee and hip extension may cause to a small part or organ to hamstring incidence [4]. In the competitive sprinting the gait cycle during swing phase mostly occurred hamstring strain [5]. As preview to relate literature hamstring injuries are in same condition and that certain types of injuries need prolonged rehabilitation and return to play [6]. In some condition minor injury those involving central tendencies require prolonged time to return to track [7]. The etiology of pain in emerging sprinters is usually significantly different from adults however potential causes of hamstring muscle tissue include muscle strains, muscle spasm, muscle weakness and muscle imbalances [8]. These have been identified as the primary cause of the pain which the most sprinters has faced Drawer S and Fuller CW [9] Propensity for osteoarthritis and lower limb joint pain in retired professional soccer players.

Management of Injuries
According to literature the mostly sprinters has focused on their fitness level during development phase [10], but mostly in that time when athletes efforts on skills preparation and don't concentration on muscle strengthen make a great deal to muscle damage [11]. To ignore the athlete conditioning session at such a vital time may lead to injuries in upcoming competitive phase [12]. The management goals when treating hamstring injuries are to achieve maximal reduction in pain intensity as quickly as possible, to rehabilitate every individual's muscle pain [13], to function your body for everyday activities, to facilitate the injured passage through the legal impediments rehabilitation [14]. In current phenomena of sprint demand the condition of muscle ability need to try several treatment to determine what work best for them [15]. Only a minority of hamstring injured athletes require [16] (Table  1).
at Peshawar. The criteria of current study approach was based on systematic reviews, randomized trials, classical studies and metaanalysis to propose the theme.

Conclusion
A very large number of protective methods have been introduced, to reduce muscle injuries. In some past couple of years ago there was a significant addition to the literature; however we have still not managed to decrease the incidence of hamstring muscle injuries. The major objective of the study was to view the strategies adopted by sprinters to reduce the muscle injuries. After careful analysis, the researcher despite that a very large number of college sprinters give negative initiatives regarding muscle knowledge, guideline, training session for strengthen a well researcher can be concluded that majority of the college sprinters have no idea regarding proper warm up and cool down techniques which can increase the ratio of injuries in sprinting.

Recommendation
1. Strength training will be beneficial for hamstring muscles which may help to reduce scare of muscle. 2. Proper warm up and cool down technique help an athletes for preventing from injuries. 3. Coaches compile proper strength and conditioning session and implemented on athlete. 4. Adequate nutrition helpful in prevention from muscle injuries.