Interpolation-Collocation Method of Solution for Solving Poisson Equation

In this paper, we consider the system of algebraic equations arising from the discretization of elliptic partial differential equation with respect to x and y axes. To compute the solution of the resulting equations we use the new method to solve various elliptic equations. We study the numerical accuracy of the method. The numerical results have shown that the method provided exact result depending on the particular equation on which the scheme is applied. Citation: Babuba S (2018) Interpolation-Collocation Method of Solution for Solving Poisson Equation. J Biom Biostat 9: 388. doi: 10.4172/21556180.1000388


Introduction
A finite difference scheme with continuous coefficients for the approximate solution of elliptic partial differential equation of the form And U(x,y)=G(x,y) for (x,y)∈S where R={(x,y):a<x<b, c<y<d and S enotes the boundary of R is proposed. For this discussion we assume that both f and g are continuous on their domains so that a unique solution to equation (1.0) is ensured. The method to be used is the adaptation of the canonical polynomials Q r (x,y) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Many problems in engineering and sciences cannot be formulated in terms of partial differential equations. The vast majority of equations encountered in practice cannot, however, be solved analytically, and recourse must necessarily be made to numerical methods.

Our Present Method
The basic method seeks an approximation of the form: The basis function, Q r (x,y)=x r y r ,r=0,1,…, p-2 are assumed known, a r are constants to be determined and p ≤ l+s, where s is the number of collocation points. The equality holds if the number of interpolation points used is equal to l. There will be flexibility in the choice of the basis function Q r (x,y) as may be desired for specific application. For this work, we consider the Taylor's polynomial Q r (x,y)=x r y r . The interpolation values U m,n ,…, U m+l-1 , n are assumed to have been determined from previous steps, while the method seeks to obtain U m+l-1 , n [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27].
We apply the above interpolation conditions on eqn. (2.0) to obtain: Using three interpolation points and one collocation point, eqn.
, , m g n m g n m g n m g n a Q x y aQ x y a Q x y U Putting the values of g in eqn. (2.3) and writing it as a matrix we obtain, We solve eqn. (2.5) to obtain the value of a 2 as:  a Q x y aQ x y a Q x y U g Putting the values of g in eqn. (2.13) and writing it as a matrix we obtain, From eqn. (2.14) we obtain x y x y U a x y x y a U a U x y x y We solve eqn. (2.15) to obtain the value of a 2 as,  Use the scheme to approximate the solution of a problem of determining the steady-state heat in a thin metal plate in the shape of a square with dimensions 0.5 meters by 0.5 meters, which is held at 0° Celsius on two adjacent boundaries while the heat on the other boundaries increase linearly from 0° Celsius at one corner to 100° Celsius where these sides meet. If we replace the sides with zero boundary conditions along the x-and y -axes, the problem is expressed mathematically as: The exact solution of the problem is U(x,.y)=400xy Using mesh size of 0.125 on each axis, the method gives us the result as shown in Table 1.

Example 3.2
Use the scheme to approximate the solution to the Poisson's equation The exact solution of the problem is U(x,y)=xe y . Using a mesh size of 0.3333 on the axis x and 0.2000 on the y-axis we obtain the following result (Table 2).

Conclusion
A continuous interpolation collocation method is proposed for solving elliptic partial differential equations. To check the numerical method, it is applied to solve two (2)  exact solutions. The scheme produced real values in test problem 1, while there is small deviation from the exact solutions in the result of the second test problem. The numerical results confirm the validity of the new numerical scheme and suggest that it is a viable numerical method which involves the reduction of PDE to a system of ODEs.