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Seasonal occurrence, species composition, and parasitism of Lygus spp. in alfalfa, canola, and mustard

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

L. Braun ,
M. Erlandson ,
D. Baldwin ,
J. Soroka ,
P. Mason ,
R. Foottit  and
D. Hegedus
L. Braun
Affiliation:
Saskatoon Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0X2
M. Erlandson
Affiliation:
Saskatoon Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0X2
D. Baldwin
Affiliation:
Saskatoon Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0X2
J. Soroka
Affiliation:
Saskatoon Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0X2
P. Mason
Affiliation:
Eastem Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, KW Neatby Building, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0C6
R. Foottit
Affiliation:
Eastem Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, KW Neatby Building, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0C6
D. Hegedus*
Affiliation:
Saskatoon Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 0X2
*
1 Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed (E-mail: hegedusd@em.agr.ca).
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Abstract

Field collections of over-wintering and summer adults and nymphs of Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) (Hemiptera: Miridae), Lygus borealis (Kelton), and Lygus elisus Van Duzee were made weekly in five fields in Saskatchewan in 1998 and 1999. The crops sampled were alfalfa, Medicago sativa L. (Leguminosae), canola, Brassica napus L. (Cruciferae), and mustard, Sinapis alba L. (Cruciferae), at Vonda, and alfalfa and canola at Saskatoon. In alfalfa, the most abundant Lygus spp. found in May and June were over-wintering adult L. lineolaris and (or) L. borealis; the predominant species in mid-June to early July was L. borealis; and the population from mid-July to late August was dominated by L. lineolaris. In canola, adult populations of Lygus spp. were not found until mid-June. The predominant species, L. lineolaris, probably over-wintering adults, was first detected in canola at the early bud stage in late June to early July; high numbers of L. lineolaris adults occurred in canola in mid-August. Populations of Lygus spp. in organic mustard were negligible. Dissections of field-collected Lygus spp. nymphs revealed parasitism in up to 70% of the midsummer population in alfalfa. In contrast, less than 1% of the late-season Lygus spp. population, primarily L. lineolaris in canola and L. lineolaris and L. borealis in alfalfa, was parasitized.

Résumé

Nous avons procédé à des échantillonnages hebdomadaires de larves et d’adultes d’hiver et d’été de Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) (Hemiptera : Miridae), de Lygus borealis (Kelton) et de Lygus elisus Van Duzee dans cinq champs en Saskatchewan, en 1998 et 1999. Les champs échantillonnés contenaient de la luzerne, Medicago sativa L. (Leguminosae), du colza, Brassica napus L. (Cruciferae), et de la moutarde, Sinapis alba L. (Cruciferae) à Vonda et de la luzerne et du colza à Saskatoon. Dans la luzerne, les punaises les plus abondantes en mai et juin étaient des adultes de L. lineolaris et (ou) de L. borealis ayant survécu à l’hiver; L. borealis a été l’espèce prédominante de la mi-juin au début de juillet et, de la mi-juillet à la fin d’août, c’est L. lineolaris qui prédominait. Dans les cultures de colza, les populations d’adultes de Lygus spp. ont été absentes jusqu’à la mi-juin. La présence d’adultes de l’espèce prédominante, L. lineolaris, probablement des adultes qui ont survécu à l’hiver, a été détectée pour la première fois dans le colza au stade de bourgeonnement de la plante, à la fin de juin et au début de juillet. Les adultes étaient très nombreux dans les cultures de colza au milieu d’août. Les populations de Lygus spp. dans les champs de moutarde organique étaient négligeables. La dissection de larves de Lygus spp. récoltées en nature a révélé que jusqu’à 70% de la population de larves dans la luzerne étaient parasitées à la mi-été. Cependant, le parasitisme affectait moins de 1% de la population de Lygus spp. de fin de saison, surtout L. lineolaris dans le colza, L. lineolaris et L. borealis dans la luzerne.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 133 , Issue 4 , August 2001 , pp. 565 - 577
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2001

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