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Erroneous records of Aleochara bipustulata from North America: an assessment of the evidence

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2012

K.S. Hemachandra ,
N.J. Holliday ,
J. Klimaszewski ,
P.G. Mason  and
U. Kuhlmann
K.S. Hemachandra
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
N.J. Holliday*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
J. Klimaszewski
Affiliation:
Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, Laurentian Forestry Centre, 1055 rue de P.E.P.S., Saint-Foy, Quebec, Canada G1V 4C7
P.G. Mason
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0C6
U. Kuhlmann
Affiliation:
CABI Bioscience Switzerland Centre, 1 Rue de Grillons, 2800 Delémont, Switzerland
*
2Corresponding author (e-mail: Neil_Holliday@UManitoba.ca).
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Abstract

Aleochara bipustulata (L., 1761) (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) is a Palearctic species and a natural enemy of the cabbage root maggot, Delia radicum (L., 1758) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae). It has been identified as a candidate for introduction to Canada for classical biological control of D. radicum. Recent taxonomic studies assert that A. bipustulata is absent from the Nearctic; however, there are numerous publications reporting the presence of the species in North America. We examined voucher material relating to these publications and additional museum specimens labeled as A. bipustulata. In addition, we reared Aleochara spp. from D. radicum puparia collected in the Canadian prairie provinces. Specimens that, based on external anatomy, could be A. bipustulata were definitively identified using characters of the genitalia. All of the 141 museum specimens labeled A. bipustulata were found to be Aleochara verna Say, 1836. A total of 811 individuals of Aleochara spp. were reared from D. radicum puparia; of these, 690 were Aleochara bilineata Gyllenhal, 1810, 121 were A. verna, and none were A. bipustulata. We have found no evidence that A. bipustulata occurs in North America.

Résumé

Aleochara bipustulata (L., 1761) (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) est une espèce paléarctique qui est l'ennemi naturel de la mouche du chou, Delia radicum (L., 1758) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae). Il a été retenu comme un agent potentiel à introduire au Canada pour la lutte biologique classique contre D. radicum. Des études taxonomiques récentes affirment qu'A. bipustulata n'est pas présent dans la région néarctique, bien que de nombreuses publications en signalent l'existence en Amérique du Nord. Nous avons examiné des spécimens de référence associés à ces publications, de même que des spécimens additionnels de musée identifiés comme A. bipustulata. Nous avons aussi mis en élevage des Aleochara spp. provenant de pupariums de D. radicum récoltés dans les provinces canadiennes des prairies. Les spécimens, qui d'après leur morphologie externe auraient pu être A. bipustulata, ont été identifiés de façon certaine d'après les caractères de leurs génitalias. Tous les 141 spécimens de collection étiquetés A. bipustulata se sont avérés être A. verna Say, 1836. Des 811 individus obtenus par élevage des pupariums de D. radicum, 690 étaient A. bilineata Gyllenhal, 1810, 121 A. verna et aucun A. bipustulata. Nous n'avons trouvé aucune indication qu'A. bipustala existe en Amérique du Nord.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 137 , Issue 2 , April 2005 , pp. 182 - 187
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2005

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